A Retrieved Context Account of Spacing and Repetition Effects in Free Recall

Autor/inn/en	Siegel, Lynn L.; Kahana, Michael J.
Titel	A Retrieved Context Account of Spacing and Repetition Effects in Free Recall
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40 (2014) 3, S.755-764 (10 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
DOI	10.1037/a0035585
Schlagwörter	Memory; Recall (Psychology); Context Effect; Cues; Prediction; Computation; Models; Repetition; Probability; Experiments; Experimental Psychology; Intervals; College Students; Scores; Pennsylvania + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Gedächtnis; Abberufung; Stichwort; Vorhersage; Analogiemodell; Wiederholung; Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung; Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie; Erprobung; Experimentelle Psychologie; Collegestudent
Abstract	Repeating an item in a list benefits recall performance, and this benefit increases when the repetitions are spaced apart (Madigan, 1969; Melton, 1970). Retrieved context theory incorporates 2 mechanisms that account for these effects: contextual variability and study-phase retrieval. Specifically, if an item presented at position "i" is repeated at position "j," this leads to retrieval of its context from its initial presentation at "i" (study-phase retrieval), and this retrieved context will be used to update the current state of context (contextual variability). Here we consider predictions of a computational model that embodies retrieved context theory, the context maintenance and retrieval model (CMR; Polyn, Norman, & Kahana, 2009). CMR makes the novel prediction that subjects are more likely to successively recall items that follow a shared repeated item (e.g., "i" + 1, "j" + 1) because both items are associated with the context of the repeated item presented at "i" and "j." CMR also predicts that the probability of recalling at least 1 of 2 studied items should increase with the items' spacing (Lohnas, Polyn, & Kahana, 2011). We tested these predictions in a new experiment, and CMR's predictions were upheld. These findings suggest that retrieved context theory offers an integrated explanation for repetition and spacing effects in free recall tasks. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01