The Multifold Relationship between Memory and Decision Making: An Individual-Differences Study

Autor/inn/en	Del Missier, Fabio; Mäntylä, Timo; Hansson, Patrik; Bruine de Bruin, Wändi; Parker, Andrew M.; Nilsson, Lars-Göran
Titel	The Multifold Relationship between Memory and Decision Making: An Individual-Differences Study
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39 (2013) 5, S.1344-1364 (21 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
DOI	10.1037/a0032379
Schlagwörter	Decision Making; Memory; Experimental Psychology; Cognitive Processes; Adults; Hypothesis Testing; Semantics; Short Term Memory; Individual Differences; Competence; Correlation; Difficulty Level; Experience; Knowledge Level; Age Differences; Long Term Memory; Executive Function; Resistance (Psychology); Foreign Countries; Questionnaires; Social Attitudes; Sweden + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Decision-making; Entscheidungsfindung; Gedächtnis; Experimentelle Psychologie; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Hypothesenprüfung; Hypothesentest; Semantik; Kurzzeitgedächtnis; Individueller Unterschied; Kompetenz; Korrelation; Schwierigkeitsgrad; Erfahrung; Wissensbasis; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Langzeitgedächtnis; Resistenz; Ausland; Fragebogen; Social attidude; Soziale Einstellung; Schweden
Abstract	Several judgment and decision-making tasks are assumed to involve memory functions, but significant knowledge gaps on the memory processes underlying these tasks remain. In a study on 568 adults between 25 and 80 years of age, hypotheses were tested on the specific relationships between individual differences in working memory, episodic memory, and semantic memory, respectively, and 6 main components of decision-making competence. In line with the hypotheses, working memory was positively related with the more cognitively demanding tasks (Resistance to Framing, Applying Decision Rules, and Under/Overconfidence), whereas episodic memory was positively associated with a more experience-based judgment task (Recognizing Social Norms). Furthermore, semantic memory was positively related with 2 more knowledge-based decision-making tasks (Consistency in Risk Perception and Resistance to Sunk Costs). Finally, the age-related decline observed in some of the decision-making tasks was (partially or totally) mediated by the age-related decline in working memory or episodic memory. These findings are discussed in relation to the functional roles fulfilled by different memory processes in judgment and decision-making tasks. (As Provided).
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Update	2020/1/01