A Neurogenetics Approach to Defining Differential Susceptibility to Institutional Care

Autor/inn/en	Brett, Zoe H.; Sheridan, Margaret; Humphreys, Kate; Smyke, Anna; Gleason, Mary Margaret; Fox, Nathan; Zeanah, Charles; Nelson, Charles; Drury, Stacy
Titel	A Neurogenetics Approach to Defining Differential Susceptibility to Institutional Care
Quelle	In: International Journal of Behavioral Development, 39 (2015) 2, S.150-160 (11 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0165-0254
DOI	10.1177/0165025414538557
Schlagwörter	Genetics; Institutionalized Persons; Residential Care; Cognitive Processes; Caregivers; Environment; Intelligence Quotient; Spatial Ability; Short Term Memory; Sampling; Statistical Inference; Validity; Neurological Organization; Demography; Infants; Diagnostic Tests; Brain; Foreign Countries; Romania; Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Humangenetik; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Caregiver; Carer; Betreuungsperson; Pfleger; Umwelt; Intelligenzquotient; Räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen; Kurzzeitgedächtnis; Inferential statistics; Schließende Statistik; Gültigkeit; Demografie; Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test; Gehirn; Ausland; Rumänien
Abstract	An individual's neurodevelopmental and cognitive sequelae to negative early experiences may, in part, be explained by genetic susceptibility. We examined whether extreme differences in the early caregiving environment, defined as exposure to severe psychosocial deprivation associated with institutional care compared to normative rearing, interacted with a biologically informed genoset comprising "BDNF" (rs6265), "COMT" (rs4680), and "SIRT1" (rs3758391) to predict distinct outcomes of neurodevelopment at age 8 (N = 193, 97 males and 96 females). Ethnicity was categorized as Romanian (71%), Roma (21%), unknown (7%), or other (1%). We identified a significant interaction between early caregiving environment (i.e., institutionalized versus never institutionalized children) and the a priori defined genoset for full-scale IQ, two spatial working memory tasks, and prefrontal cortex gray matter volume. Model validation was performed using a bootstrap resampling procedure. Although we hypothesized that the effect of this genoset would operate in a manner consistent with differential susceptibility, our results demonstrate a complex interaction where vantage susceptibility, diathesis stress, and differential susceptibility are implicated. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01