Memory Retrieval before or after Extinction Reduces Recovery of Fear in Adolescent Rats

Autor/inn/en	Baker, Kathryn D.; McNally, Gavan P.; Richardson, Rick
Titel	Memory Retrieval before or after Extinction Reduces Recovery of Fear in Adolescent Rats
Quelle	In: Learning & Memory, 20 (2013) 9, S.467-473 (7 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1072-0502
DOI	10.1101/lm.031989.113
Schlagwörter	Memory; Fear; Animals; Adolescents; Age Differences; Conditioning; Stimuli; Learning Processes; Animal Behavior + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Gedächtnis; Furcht; Animal; Tier; Tiere; Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Anreizsystem; Learning process; Lernprozess; Tierverhalten
Abstract	Adolescent rats exhibit impaired extinction retention compared to pre-adolescent and adult rats. A single nonreinforced exposure to the conditioned stimulus (CS; a retrieval trial) given shortly before extinction has been shown in some circumstances to reduce the recovery of fear after extinction in adult animals. This study investigated whether a retrieval-extinction procedure would reduce the recovery of extinguished fear in adolescent rats. Furthermore, the effect of the retrieval-extinction sequence on fear recovery was examined by presenting the retrieval trial following extinction to some animals. In Experiment 1 adolescent rats received one nonreinforced CS presentation (a retrieval trial) or equivalent context exposure (no retrieval) 10 min before fear extinction. A retrieval trial shortly before extinction reduced overall levels of fear in both test contexts (i.e., it improved extinction retention and reduced renewal). In Experiment 2 a weakening of renewal was observed with a retrieval-extinction manipulation, regardless of whether the retrieval trial occurred in the training or extinction context. A key result was that a retrieval trial 10 min, but not 6 h, "after" extinction led to reduced overall levels of fear similar to that observed if the retrieval trial was given before extinction (Experiments 3 and 4), inconsistent with the current interpretation of the reduction in relapse being due to a disruption of reconsolidation. Together, these findings show that the impaired extinction retention observed in adolescents can be ameliorated by a very simple behavioral manipulation, but also raise some questions about the mechanisms underlying the retrieval-extinction effect. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. 500 Sunnyside Boulevard, Woodbury, NY 11797-2924. Tel: 800-843-4388; Tel: 516-367-8800; Fax: 516-422-4097; e-mail: cshpres@cshl.edu; Web site: http://www.learnmem.org/
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10