Young Adult Military Service and College Success: Personality, Perseverance, and Differences by Socioeconomic Status

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Autor/in	Richard, Keith Gustav
Titel	Young Adult Military Service and College Success: Personality, Perseverance, and Differences by Socioeconomic Status
Quelle	(2018), (154 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit Ph.D. Dissertation, The Florida State University
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Monographie
ISBN	978-0-4384-4720-2
Schlagwörter	Hochschulschrift; Dissertation; Young Adults; Personality Traits; Socioeconomic Status; Longitudinal Studies; Veterans; Educational Attainment; Postsecondary Education; Personality Change; Social Stratification; National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Thesis; Dissertations; Academic thesis; Young adult; Junger Erwachsener; Individual characteristics; Personality characteristic; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Socio-economic status; Sozioökonomischer Status; Longitudinal study; Longitudinal method; Longitudinal methods; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Kriegsteilnehmer; Veteran; Bildungsabschluss; Bildungsgut; Post-secondary education; Tertiäre Bildung; Persönlichkeitstest; Persönlichkeitsveränderung; Soziale Zusammensetzung
Abstract	Military service is a life course pathway that defines the transition to adulthood for approximately three to five percent of young adult men and one percent of women. Though few young adults pursue this pathway, the military provides a unique look at the benefits and costs of selecting a highly regimented, segregated, and potentially dangerous pathway to adulthood. I posit that military service may influence young adults' "Big-Five" personality factors including conscientiousness and emotional stability, and that could affect their subsequent postsecondary degree attainment. In examining these relationships, I also compare contemporary military veterans to civilians and investigate whether military service reduces postsecondary education stratification between socioeconomic (SES) groups. This work draws from research on the life course perspective, the influence of noncognitive factors on educational success, and the military population. Data analyzed in this study come from Waves I, III, and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) and the sample for this study is a subpopulation of the individuals who remained in the study through Wave IV collected in 2008 (n = 13,171). I conduct linear and multinomial logistic regressions using the longitudinal sample to evaluate differences in personality and postsecondary degree attainment between military veterans and civilians. The results indicate that veterans attain some college or associate degrees at higher rates than civilians, but attain bachelor's degrees at lower rates than civilians. Also, after controlling for personality prior to military service, military experience is associated with higher levels of conscientiousness, but military experience is not associated with differences in emotional stability. These personality factors do not mediate the association between veteran status and postsecondary degree attainment. Finally, veterans do not have lower SES group inequality in postsecondary degree attainment compared to civilians, which suggests that military service is not necessarily a means to reduce SES inequality in educational attainment. It is surprising that personality is not an important factor in understanding veterans' postsecondary achievement, given the bodies of literature on the role of noncognitive factors in educational success and the literature that suggests personality change from military experience. These findings are based on a single cohort of military veterans who, given the historical context, were unlikely to experience combat exposure. Further analyses should investigate what factors related to military service influence personality, particularly focusing on aspects such as combat exposure, military branch, and rank in the military. Also, future research should use the upcoming release of Wave V Add Health data to determine whether the lower postsecondary achievement of veterans in this study was a result of military service delaying or deterring veterans from postsecondary degree attainment. Finally, the upcoming wave of data can identify how veterans fare in later life outcomes such as occupation, income, and wealth, as veterans might be more likely to enter high skill technical careers that do not require a bachelor's degree. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.] (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01