From Seeing to Saying: Perceiving, Planning, Producing

Autor/in	Kuchinsky, Stefanie Ellen
Titel	From Seeing to Saying: Perceiving, Planning, Producing
Quelle	(2009), (153 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Monographie
ISBN	978-1-1095-7277-3
Schlagwörter	Hochschulschrift; Dissertation; Attention; Information Retrieval; Cues; Eye Movements; Human Body; Perception; Identification; Word Order; Linguistics; Cognitive Psychology + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Thesis; Dissertations; Academic thesis; Aufmerksamkeit; Stichwort; Augenbewegung; Menschlicher Körper; Wahrnehmung; Identifikation; Identifizierung; Wortfolge; Linguistik; Kognitive Psychologie
Abstract	Given the amount of visual information in a scene, how do speakers determine what to talk about first? One hypothesis is that speakers start talking about what has attentional priority, while another is that speakers first extract the scene gist, using the obtained relational information to generate a rudimentary sentence plan before retrieving individual words. These five experiments evaluated these views by examining the conditions under which different types of information may be relevant for production. In Experiment 1, participants told the time from analog clocks. Eye movements revealed that it was not the visual features or configuration of the clock hands, but rather the upcoming referring time expression that determined gaze patterns. Differences in eye-voice spans also suggested a process in which scene elements are relationally structured before a linguistic plan is executed. Experiments 2-5 employed a modified version of Gleitman, January, Nappa, and Trueswell's (2007) attentional cuing paradigm. Participants were more likely to begin picture descriptions with a particular actor if their attention had been drawn to it. Eye-voice spans demonstrated that participants started speaking before they had planned an utterance framework. However, these effects were modulated by the amount of time given to extract the scene gist (Experiments 3-4) and by the ease of identifying the pictured event and actor names (codability norming and Experiment 5). This suggested that perceptual factors influence word ordering only when conceptual information is not immediately available or insufficient for generating an utterance framework. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.] (As Provided).
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Update	2017/4/10