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| Autor/inn/en | Madaus, George F.; Kellaghan, Thomas |
|---|---|
| Titel | Student Examination Systems in the European Community: Lessons for the United States. |
| Quelle | (1991), (54 Seiten)
PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Dokumenttyp | gedruckt; online; Monographie |
| Schlagwörter | Academic Achievement; College Entrance Examinations; Comparative Analysis; Educational Assessment; Educational Change; Educational Policy; Elementary Secondary Education; Foreign Countries; National Programs; Public Schools; Student Evaluation; Test Use; Testing Programs; United States |
| Abstract | The attractiveness of some European education policies and the current push toward national standards of academic achievement have converged recently in proposals for national educational testing in the United States. This paper examines the origins and status of student examination policies in 12 countries of the European Community. A major feature of European systems has been their function in selection for universities. Although competitive examinations for the civil service and professions preceded university examinations, the latter have had more influence on the national examination systems, and consequently on student learning. In the European Community, most countries have a tradition of external examinations and these examinations are generally a feature of secondary education. While examinations cannot be isolated from their national contexts, they are usually (with the exception of Britain) mirrors of the public school system, and external examinations other than the public examination system do not exist. The United States has an existing commercial infrastructure for developing and marketing standardized tests that is not found in Europe, where teachers and government inspectors are essential parts of the examination structure. The place of any national examination in the United States requires considerable thought and evaluation of the existing infrastructure. An 186-item list of references and 7 tables of comparative information about examinations in the European Community are included. (SLD) |
| Erfasst von | ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC |
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