A Study of the Non-Standard English of Negro and Puerto Rican Speakers in New York City. Volume I: Phonological and Grammatical Analysis.

Autor/inn/en	Labov, William; und weitere
Institution	Columbia Univ., New York, NY.
Titel	A Study of the Non-Standard English of Negro and Puerto Rican Speakers in New York City. Volume I: Phonological and Grammatical Analysis.
Quelle	(1968), (397 Seiten) PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei Verfügbarkeit
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Monographie
Schlagwörter	Adolescents; Adults; Age Groups; Black Culture; Black Dialects; Contrastive Linguistics; Culture Conflict; Generative Grammar; Individual Characteristics; Language Research; Language Styles; Middle Class Culture; Negative Forms (Language); North American English; Peer Groups; Phonology; Plurals; Reading Failure; Rural Urban Differences; Social Differences; Social Values; Sociolinguistics; Speech; Syntax; TENL; Urban Youth; Verbal Ability; New York (New York) + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Age grop; Altersgruppe; Linguistics; Kontrastive Linguistik; Kulturkonflikt; Generative Grammatik; Personality characteristic; Personality traits; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Sprachforschung; Sprachstil; Amerikanisches Englisch; Gleichaltrigengruppe; Peer Group; Fonologie; Pluralität; Reading disability; Reading weakness; Leseschwäche; Stadt-Land-Beziehung; Sozialer Unterschied; Sozialer Wert; Soziolinguistik; Speaking; Sprechen; Urban area; Urban areas; Youth; Stadtregion; Stadt; Mündliche Leistung
Abstract	This study investigates the structural and functional differences between the non-standard Negro English of northern ghetto areas (NNE) and standard English (SE). The major field work was done in Central Harlem with (1) a geographically random sample of 50 pre-adolescent speakers in Vacation Day Camps, (2) six pre-adolescent and adolescent peer groups in Harlem, studied in individual interviews and group sessions, and (3) a random sample of 100 adults, in a middle-class area and two working-class areas. The linguistic analysis in this volume shows NNE related to SE by differences in low-level rules which have marked effects on surface structure. The -ed suffix, for example, is affected by rules of consonant cluster simplification; systematic variation of such clusters regularly differentiates past tense clusters from stem clusters, and also registers the strong effect of a following vowel in preserving the cluster. NNE is found to have no third singular -s or possessive suffix, but to have an intact plural -s. The absence of the copula is considered the result of regular phonological rules which remove single consonants remaining after contraction. A NNE negative concord rule distributes the underlying negative particle more consistently and to a wider range of environments than in white non-standard English. Repetition tests showed that many NNE speakers understand both NNE and SE forms but produce NNE forms. See AL 001 822 for Volume II. (Author/JD)
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC