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| Institution | Council of State Governments, Chicago, IL. |
|---|---|
| Titel | MIGRATORY LABOR IN THE WEST, BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR THE WESTERN INTERSTATE CONFERENCE ON MIGRATORY LABOR. |
| Quelle | (1960), (14 Seiten) |
| Dokumenttyp | gedruckt; Monographie |
| Schlagwörter | American Indians; Blacks; Child Labor; Federal Legislation; Health Needs; Health Services; Income; Labor Legislation; Living Standards; Migrant Employment; Migrant Welfare Services; Migrant Workers; Minority Groups; Spanish Americans; California (San Francisco) |
| Abstract | THE MIGRATORY FARM LABOR FORCE IN THE UNITED STATES IS GENERALLY COMPOSED OF UNDEREMPLOYED WORKERS WHO ARE PRIMARILY FROM THE NEGRO, SPANISH-AMERICAN, AND INDIAN MINORITY GROUPS OF RURAL AREAS. THESE WORKERS MIGRATE IN SEARCH OF EMPLOYMENT BECAUSE OF THEIR LOW EARNING POTENTIAL IN THEIR HOME AREAS. ALTHOUGH THEY HELP SATISFY THE CRITICAL DEMAND FOR SHORT-TERM SEASONAL LABOR, PROBLEMS ARISE BECAUSE COMMUNITIES REQUIRING THEIR SERVICES CANNOT MEET THEIR NEEDS FOR SCHOOLS, HOSPITALS, CHURCHES, RECREATIONAL AREAS, AND HOMES, THESE PROBLEMS ARE FURTHER COMPOUNDED BY MOBILITY, WHICH ADDS TO EXPENSES AND REDUCES INCOME WHILE CONTRIBUTING TO ILLITERACY, POOR WORKING CONDITIONS, INADEQUATE HOUSING, AND LACK OF SANITATION. MIGRANTS DO NOT HAVE THE PROTECTION OF FEDERAL MINIMUM WAGE LAWS NOR THE BENEFITS OF WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION THOUGH SOME STATES ARE MOVING TOWARD EXTENSION OF COVERAGE. TROUBLE IN SECURING PROPER RETURNS FROM CREW LEADERS AND SOME FARM EMPLOYERS HAS LED TO A LACK OF SOCIAL SECURITY PROTECTION. MINIMUM AGE FOR CHILD LABOR VARIES FROM STATE TO STATE, THE LOWEST AGE BEING 12. SEVERAL STATES AND THE INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION HAVE TRANSPORTATION LAWS. MORE ARE NEEDED. MIGRANTS HAVE MANY HEALTH PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH LOW-INCOME GROUPS, HIGH INCIDENCE OF DISEASE, AND HIGH INFANT AND FETAL MORTALITY RATES. MORE HEALTH EDUCATION AND PREVENTIVE SERVICES ARE NEEDED, HEALTH RECORDS SHOULD BE CARRIED. HOUSING AND SANITATION HAVE BEEN IMPROVED, BUT ARE STILL BELOW ACCEPTABLE STANDARDS. MIGRANTS HAVE LESS ACCESS THAN PERMANENT RESIDENTS TO FEDERAL HEALTH CARE. ILLITERACY IS HIGH BECAUSE FEW GO BEYOND AN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL EDUCATION. RECORDS, APPROPRIATE PROGRAMS, AND PUBLIC RESPONSIBILITY ARE NEEDED TO INCREASE THE STANDARDS OF MIGRATORY LABORERS. |
| Erfasst von | ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC |
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