Low wages in the retail industry in the Netherlands. RSF project Future of work in Europe / Low-wage Employment: Opportunity in the Workplace in Europe and the USA.

Autor/in	Klaveren, Maarten van
Institution	Amsterdams Instituut voor ArbeidsStudies
Titel	Low wages in the retail industry in the Netherlands. RSF project Future of work in Europe / Low-wage Employment: Opportunity in the Workplace in Europe and the USA. Gefälligkeitsübersetzung: Niedriglöhne im Einzelhandel in den Niederlanden. RSF-Projekt Zukunft der Arbeit in Europa / Niedriglohnbeschäftigung: Berufliche Chancen in Europa und den USA.
Quelle	Amsterdam (2010), 164 S. PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei (1); PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei (2) Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Reihe	AIAS working paper. 10/100
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; Monographie
Schlagwörter	Beruf; Beschäftigungsstruktur; Elektronik; Niederlande; Berufsbildung; Verkäufer; Einzelhandel; Arbeitszeit; Lohnentwicklung; Ladenöffnungszeit; Fluktuation; Niedriglohn; Verfügbares Einkommen; Elektronik; Arbeitsbeziehung; Ladenöffnungszeit; Lohnentwicklung; Niedriglohn; Verfügbares Einkommen; Wettbewerbsbedingung; Berufsbildung; Arbeitskraft; Atypische Beschäftigung; Beruf; Beschäftigungsstruktur; Arbeitszeit; Einzelhandel; Einzelhandelskaufmann; Verkäufer; Fluktuation; Atypische Beschäftigung; Niederlande
Abstract	"The Working Paper shows the development of Dutch retailing as an industry in which in the 2000s nearly half of all workers earn less than the low-wage threshold, that is, less than two-thirds of the national median gross hourly wage. In the 1980s and early 1990s retailing already moved towards low pay in the Netherlands. From the mid-1990s on, major factors worked toward the persistence of low pay, in particular in the supermarkets, where three in five workers earned less than the threshold: the slowdown or even decline of disposable income growth and the low consumer-spending share; price wars and the spread of discounting; economies of scale and deregulation of zoning regulations and opening hours, and the development of supply-chain management systems. The longer opening hours allowed by the 1996 Opening Hours (Shops) Act initiated changes in the logistical chain. The food chains replaced adult shift workers with young shelf-stackers; the long 'tail' of low youth rates, also applied for prospective checkout operators, proved to constitute an exit option for employers maintaining a low-wage orientation. The supermarket price war of 2003-2006 strengthened employers' orientation on deploying youngsters, in particular secondary and tertiary education students, (initially, in 2003-04) at the expense of adult women and, structurally, at the expense of those youngsters who want to earn a living wage after leaving school. The official facility to combine work and study distorts parts of the youth retail labour market, effectively crowding out the latter category. In spite of the domination of 'low roads' in product market and human resources strategies of food chains, functional flexibility proved to be widespread at shop-floor level - almost inevitable as tight financial and personnel benchmarks do not allow idle hours." Die Untersuchung enthält quantitative Daten. Forschungsmethode: empirisch-quantitativ; empirisch; Befragung; Fallstudie. Die Untersuchung bezieht sich auf den Zeitraum 2006 bis 2010. (author's abstract, IAB-Doku).
Erfasst von	Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Nürnberg
Update	2011/3