Israeli Ethno-Religious Differences in Motherhood Penalties on Employment and Earnings.

Autor/inn/en	Budig, Michelle J.; Kraus, Vered; Levanon, Asaf
Titel	Israeli Ethno-Religious Differences in Motherhood Penalties on Employment and Earnings. Gefälligkeitsübersetzung: Israelische ethnisch-religiöse Unterschiede bei den Auswirkungen von Mutterschaft auf Beschäftigung und Einkommen.
Quelle	In: Gender & society, 37 (2023) 2, S. 208-239 PDF als Volltext Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1552-3977
DOI	10.1177/08912432231155913
Schlagwörter	Familie; Mutter; Frau; Beruf; Christ; Eltern; Familie; Frau; Israel; Muslim; Mutter; Öffentlicher Dienst; Palästina; Auswirkung; Qualifikation; Ethnische Gruppe; Herkunftsland; Minderheit; Eltern; Gleichstellungspolitik; Beschäftigungseffekt; Einkommenseffekt; Erwerbstätigkeit; Beruf; Qualifikation; Auswirkung; Einflussfaktor; Ethnische Gruppe; Minderheit; Öffentlicher Dienst; Christ; Jude; Muslim; Herkunftsland; Israel; Palästina
Abstract	"Israeli society presents a unique context for studying motherhood's impacts on employment and earnings: High fertility and marriage rates coincide with high rates of women's education and employment. While past research finds low motherhood penalties in Israel, ethno-religious group differences in these penalties are unexplored. Ours is the first longitudinal study to examine simultaneously motherhood's employment and wage penalties among Israeli ethno-religious groups. Using newly available panel data, we find that motherhood deters employment among Israeli-Palestinians more strongly than among Jews, and particularly among less-educated Israeli-Palestinians. Similarly, motherhood wage penalties and ethno-religious disparities are greatest among the least-educated women. For all groups, highly educated women incur smaller motherhood penalties in employment and earnings, and in some cases receive motherhood wage premiums. Public-sector employment, particularly for Muslims, is associated with higher postnatal employment, lower motherhood penalties, and motherhood premiums among the highly educated. The stronger enforcement of anti-discrimination and work-family policies in the public sector, along with its schoolteachers' collective bargaining agreement that raises maternal earnings, may contribute to its more positive outcomes for Israeli-Palestinian mothers. Our findings suggest that increasing educational attainment and public-sector employment among Israeli-Palestinians may reduce ethno-religious inequality in motherhood's impact on employment and earnings." The study refers to the period 1995-2017. (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku)..
Erfasst von	Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Nürnberg
Update	2023/1