Musharraf's enlightened moderation. How education escalates conflict in Pakistan despite attempted transformation.

Autor/inn/en	Kalhoro, Javed Ali; Cromwell, Alexander
Titel	Musharraf's enlightened moderation. How education escalates conflict in Pakistan despite attempted transformation.
Quelle	Aus: Vanner, Catherine (Hrsg.); Akseer, Spogmai (Hrsg.); Kovinthan Levi, Thursica (Hrsg.): Teaching peace and conflict. The multiple roles of school textbooks in peacebuilding. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature (2022) S. 43-61 PDF als Volltext Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Beigaben	Literaturangaben S. 58-61
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; gedruckt; Sammelwerksbeitrag
ISBN	978-3-031-04675-9; 978-3-031-04676-6; 978-3-031-04678-0
DOI	10.1007/978-3-031-04676-6_3
Schlagwörter	Konflikt; Konfliktforschung; Bildungspolitik; Curriculum; Islam; Konflikt; Schulbuch; Konfliktforschung; Pakistan; Bildungspolitik; Friedensforschung; Interkulturalität; Interreligiöses Lernen; Interkulturalität; Curriculum; Schulbuch; Frieden; Friedensforschung; Extremismus; Interreligiöses Lernen; Islam; Pakistan
Abstract	Since Pakistan's contentious inception, secular and religious groups have struggled for power, and this struggle has particularly impacted the education sector. This chapter examines Pakistan's education system and employs the IREC framework to explore the role that education plays in escalating con? ict and seeking to transform it. Speci? cally, we focus on Pakistan's Islamiyat curriculum and the changes made to it immediately preceding and during former president and army chief of staff Musharraf's time in of? ce. Drawing from an analysis of policy documents, and interviews with Islamiyat teachers and education experts, we argue that the changes made under Musharraf's predecessor, Nawaz Sharif, built on the work of Zia Ul Haque to emphasize a narrow interpretation of Islam that marginalized non-Sunnis and nonMuslims. Moreover, although Musharraf proposed policies that would improve the curriculum and textbooks for interfaith harmony, his appeasement of the military and religious groups and authoritarian approach resulted in the failure of these policies. These? ndings further illustrate how education can exacerbate con? ict, particularly when problematic educational governance and poor teaching practices inhibit the transformation of the curriculum and education system in support of peace.
Erfasst von	Leibniz-Institut für Bildungsmedien \| Georg-Eckert-Institut (GEI), Braunschweig
Update	2023/1