The gender gap of returns on education across West European countries.

Autor/inn/en	Mendolicchio, Concetta; Rhein, Thomas
Titel	The gender gap of returns on education across West European countries. Gefälligkeitsübersetzung: Die geschlechtsspezifische Lücke im Bildungsertrag in westeuropäischen Ländern.
Quelle	In: International journal of manpower, 35 (2014) 3, S. 219-249 PDF als Volltext Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0143-7720; 1758-6577
DOI	10.1108/IJM-02-2013-0026
Schlagwörter	Belgien; Dänemark; Deutschland; Frankreich; Irland; Italien; Luxemburg; Niederlande; Österreich; Portugal; Spanien; Schweden; Westeuropa; Internationaler Vergleich; Humankapital; Bildungsertrag; Bildungsertrag; Humankapital; Internationaler Vergleich; Geschlechtsspezifik; Belgien; Deutschland; Dänemark; Frankreich; Irland; Italien; Luxemburg; Niederlande; Portugal; Schweden; Spanien; Westeuropa; Österreich
Abstract	"We study the gender specific private returns on education (RE) in Europe in a comparative perspective. We extend the model of de la Fuente (2003) by estimating the parameters by gender and introducing maternity leaves and benefits. We analyse the impact of the public policy variables evaluating the elasticities with respect to unemployment benefits, marginal and average tax rates, maternity leave and childcare benefits. We estimate the Mincerian coefficients, with the Heckman selection model, for 12 West European countries using the EU-SILC data (2007). We then use them as input to calibrate the decision model. The RE of females tend to be higher than those of males in all the Europeans countries but Germany, Netherlands and Sweden. The gender gap can be explained mainly by the wage premia and labour income taxes which more than compensate the negative effects on females' returns triggered by higher unemployment rates and maternity-related benefits. The tax system has the most pronounced effect on RE. An increase in the marginal tax rates has a negative impact. An increase in the average tax rates can have a negative or positive impact, depending on the progressivity of the tax system. An increase in unemployment benefits and maternity or child-care benefits has a negative but fairly small impact. We compute the RE using a model which allows us to take into account and assess the significance of relevant variables: wage premium, income tax, some public transfers and benefits, costs of the investments. Moreover, we estimate the wage premia using relatively recent EU-SILC data. Finally, we compare 12 EU countries spanning quite different labour market conditions and institutions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku).
Erfasst von	Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Nürnberg
Update	2014/4