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| Autor/in | Dobrovol'skij, Dmitrij |
|---|---|
| Titel | Phraseologie im Wörterbuch. |
| Quelle | In: Zeitschrift für angewandte Linguistik, (2013) 58, S. 41-74 |
| Beigaben | Anmerkungen |
| Sprache | deutsch; russische Zitate |
| Dokumenttyp | gedruckt; Zeitschriftenaufsatz |
| ISSN | 1433-9889 |
| Schlagwörter | Semantik; Wörterbuch; Analyse; Zweisprachiges Wörterbuch; Idiomatik; Pragmatik (Ling); Satzbaustein; Semantik; Analyse; Wörterbuch; Zweisprachiges Wörterbuch |
| Abstract | The overarching aim of the paper is to formulate the central phraseographic parameters that can enable researchers to analyze and measure the efficiency of every dictionary containing phrasemes of all possible types. This paper considers the various ways in which phraseology is represented. Although issues of this kind have been a matter of discussion for a couple of decades, most crucial problems remain unsolved. Rather than delivering an overview of the relevant works or a critical analysis of existing phraseological dictionaries, the present paper concentrates on some general questions of phraseography. Of special interest are the ways in which phrasemes are presented in so-called active dictionaries, i.e., dictionaries that aim at speech production. The discussion focuses on innovative techniques for explaining meaning. First, rather than just pointing to a near-synonymous word, descriptions of idiom semantics must take into account all relevant distinctive features. Second, definitions need to include the image component of idiom semantics. This task relates to the nature of idiom motivation. The image component is central to the mental representation as well as to the grammatical and discursive behavior of idioms. Moreover, the lexicographic relevance of this part of the meaning explanation is based on the fact that it can potentially evoke and convey culturespecific chunks of knowledge. To meet these two conditions, lexicographers have to analyze authentic contexts using large text corpora. In other words, the lexicographic definition of idiom semantics has to be substantiated through detailed analyses of the usage of a given phraseme. Besides purely semantic issues, questions arise as to how dictionaries should present both the pragmatic and stylistic aspects and the combinatorial behavior of idioms. As for bilingual idiom dictionaries, the crucial idea is that full equivalence between seemingly congruent idioms from different languages hardly exists. Although certain idioms may reflect close formal and semantic correspondences, in most of the cases their actual use shows subtle differences. A specific focus is put on aspects of variation. This section develops a systematic typology for the forms of idiom variation. It can be considered the general foundation for both theoretical discussions and practical, lexicographically oriented analyses. Objects of attention include habitualized word play, i.e., generally known and frequently used modifications of the idiom structure based on puns. This phenomenon has not been satisfactorily classified in traditional approaches to phraseology. However, it is important from the lexicographical point of view as well because this kind of idiom variation reveals the inherent creativity that characterizes many idioms. (Verlag). |
| Erfasst von | Informationszentrum für Fremdsprachenforschung, Marburg |
| Update | 2022/2 |
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