Institutionalized inequality and brain drain. An empirical study of the effects of women's rights on the gender gap in high-skilled migration.

Autor/in	Naghsh Nejad, Maryam
Institution	Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit
Titel	Institutionalized inequality and brain drain. An empirical study of the effects of women's rights on the gender gap in high-skilled migration. Gefälligkeitsübersetzung: Institutionalisierte Ungleichheit und brain drain. Eine empirische Untersuchung der Auswirkungen von Frauenrechten auf geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede der Migration von Hochqualifizierten.
Quelle	Bonn (2013), 38 S. PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Reihe	IZA discussion paper. 7864
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; Monographie
Schlagwörter	Soziale Ungleichheit; Frau; Gleichberechtigung; Bildungsertrag; Motivation; Entwicklungsland; Gleichstellungspolitik; Migration; Soziale Rechte; Kosten; Arbeitsmigration; Brain Drain; Internationaler Vergleich; Auswirkung; Geschlechtsspezifik; Welt; Institution; Hoch Qualifizierter; Herkunftsland
Abstract	This paper investigates the effects of institutionalized gender inequality, proxied by a women's rights index, on the female high-skilled migration rates relative to that of male (the female brain drain ratio). By developing a model of migration choice I find non-linear effects of gender inequality on the female brain drain ratio as a result of effects of gender inequality on both costs and benefits of migration. At low levels of women's rights, increases in the index lead to increases in the female brain drain ratio. This is consistent with, at low levels of women's rights, prohibitively high costs of migration for females. Once a certain level of protections has been afforded to them, the costs to migration are low enough that many women then decide to leave the oppressive society and migrate where the benefits associated with their human capital are higher. However, as women's rights continue to strengthen, those benefits to migration then tend to decrease. The effect on female brain drain then turns negative. Using a panel of up to 195 countries I find evidence consistent with this model which is robust to instrumental variable approach. A one-point increase in the above average level of this index is associated with an average of about a 25-percentage point decrease in the female brain drain ratio. (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku).
Erfasst von	Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Nürnberg
Update	2014/2