Educational upgrading and returns to skills in Latin america. Evidence from a supply-demand framework, 1990-2010.

Autor/inn/en	Gasparini, Leonardo; Galiani, Sebastian; Cruces, Guillermo; Acosta, Pablo
Institution	Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit
Titel	Educational upgrading and returns to skills in Latin america. Evidence from a supply-demand framework, 1990-2010. Gefälligkeitsübersetzung: Bildungsexpansion und Bildungsertrag in Lateinamerika. Befunde aus einem Angebot-Nachfrage-Gerüst 1990-2010.
Quelle	Bonn (2011), 52 S. PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei (1); PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei (2) Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Reihe	IZA discussion paper. 6244
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; Monographie
Schlagwörter	Arbeitskräftebedarf; Argentinien; Berufsausbildung; Beschäftigungsstruktur; Bolivien; Brasilien; Chile; Costa Rica; El Salvador; Honduras; Kolumbien; Mexiko; Panama; Paraguay; Peru; Uruguay; Lateinamerika; Ausbildung; Internationaler Vergleich; Qualifikationsstruktur; Einkommensunterschied; Hochschulbildung; Absolvent; Bildungsabschluss; Höherqualifikation; Bildungsertrag; Bildungsertrag; Bildungsabschluss; Einkommensunterschied; Ausbildung; Berufsausbildung; Arbeitskräfteangebot; Arbeitskräftebedarf; Beschäftigungsstruktur; Höherqualifikation; Qualifikationsstruktur; Hochschulbildung; Internationaler Vergleich; Absolvent; Argentinien; Bolivien; Brasilien; Chile; Costa Rica; El Salvador; Honduras; Kolumbien; Lateinamerika; Mexiko; Panama; Paraguay; Peru; Uruguay
Abstract	"It has been argued that a factor behind the decline in income inequality in Latin America in the 2000s was the educational upgrading of its labor force. Between 1990 and 2010, the proportion of the labor force in the region with at least secondary education increased from 40 to 60 percent. Concurrently, returns to secondary education completion fell throughout the past two decades, while the 2000s saw a reversal in the increase in the returns to tertiary education experienced in the 1990s. This paper studies the evolution of wage differentials and the trends in the supply of workers by educational level for 16 Latin American countries between 1990 and 2000. The analysis estimates the relative contribution of supply and demand factors behind recent trends in skill premia for tertiary and secondary educated workers. Supply-side factors seem to have limited explanatory power relative to demand-side factors, and are only relevant to explain part of the fall in wage premia for high-school graduates. Although there is significant heterogeneity in individual country experiences, on average the trend reversal in labor demand in the 2000s can be partially attributed to the recent boom in commodity prices that could favor the unskilled (non-tertiary educated) workforce, although employment patterns by sector suggest that other within-sector forces are also at play, such as technological diffusion or skill mismatches that may reduce the labor productivity of highly-educated workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku). Die Untersuchung enthält quantitative Daten. Forschungsmethode: empirisch-quantitativ; empirisch; Längsschnitt. Die Untersuchung bezieht sich auf den Zeitraum 1990 bis 2010.
Erfasst von	Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Nürnberg
Update	2012/2