Skilled migration. The perspective of developing countries.

Autor/inn/en	Docquier, Frederic; Rapoport, Hillel
Institution	Weltbank
Titel	Skilled migration. The perspective of developing countries. Gefälligkeitsübersetzung: Migration von Hochqualifizierten. Die Perspektive der Entwicklungsländer.
Quelle	Washington (2004), 38 S.; 815 KB PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Reihe	World Bank policy research working paper. 3382
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; Monographie; Graue Literatur
Schlagwörter	Bildung; Bildung; Bildungspolitik; Geld; Investition; Politik; Statistik; Bildungspolitik; Auswirkung; Internationaler Vergleich; Inländer; Herkunftsland; Humankapital; Überweisung; Entwicklungsland; Inländer; Politik; Humankapital; Geld; Investition; Ökonomische Determinanten; Arbeitsmigration; Statistik; Brain Drain; Internationaler Vergleich; Arbeitspapier; Auswirkung; Überweisung; OECD (Organisation für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung); Hoch Qualifizierter; Herkunftsland
Abstract	"In this paper we focus on the consequences of skilled migration for developing countries. We first summarize the recent findings of Docquier and Marfouk (2004) on the international mobility of the highly-skilled; their estimates, based on immigration data collected from nearly all OECD countries in 1990 and 2000, show that the 'brain drain' has gained in magnitude over the period covered, but that substantial differences remain across regions and income groups. The central section presents the theoretical arguments of the ßnewß and ßoldß brain drain literatures in a fully harmonized framework. We first review the early brain drain literature, which tends to emphasize the losses to those left behind. We then ask whether the traditional detrimental effects stressed in the early literature may be offset by potentially beneficial effects emphasized in more recent contributions (remittances, return migration, creation of trade and business networks, and possible incentive effects of migration prospects on human capital formation at home), and provide empirical evidence on these different channels where available. According to most existing studies, it is unlikely that remittances, return migration or other ways through which highly-skilled emigrants continue to impact on their home country's economy are significant enough to compensate sending countries for the losses induced by the brain drain. By contrast, cross-country comparisons provide supportive evidence that migration prospects foster domestic enrollment in education. Additional investigations are clearly needed to assess the net effect of emigration on human capital formation at home. The last section explores some of the policy implications of the analysis, with emphasis on migration policy and education policy. We show that from the perspective of developing countries, the 'optimal' emigration rate for the highly-skilled is zero where liquidity constraints are strongly binding and then conforms to an inverse-U shape pattern with respect to the country's level of development. As to education policy, we discuss the role of taxes and education subsidies when human capital is mobile internationally and show how optimal policy responses to such mobility are affected by the parameters of the model." Die Untersuchung enthält quantitative Daten. Forschungsmethode: empirisch-quantitativ; empirisch; Querschnitt; Sekundäranalyse. Die Untersuchung bezieht sich auf den Zeitraum 1990 bis 2000. (author's abstract, IAB-Doku).
Erfasst von	Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Nürnberg
Update	2008/1