A Neural Model of Visually Guided Steering, Obstacle Avoidance, and Route Selection

Autor/inn/en	Elder, David M.; Grossberg, Stephen; Mingolla, Ennio
Titel	A Neural Model of Visually Guided Steering, Obstacle Avoidance, and Route Selection
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 35 (2009) 5, S.1501-1531 (31 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0096-1523
DOI	10.1037/a0016459
Schlagwörter	Computer Simulation; Eye Movements; Optics; Infants; Motion; Human Body; Models; Brain Hemisphere Functions; Cognitive Processes; Task Analysis; Psychophysiology + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Computergrafik; Computersimulation; Augenbewegung; Optik; Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Bewegungsablauf; Menschlicher Körper; Analogiemodell; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Aufgabenanalyse; Psychophysiologie
Abstract	A neural model is developed to explain how humans can approach a goal object on foot while steering around obstacles to avoid collisions in a cluttered environment. The model uses optic flow from a 3-dimensional virtual reality environment to determine the position of objects on the basis of motion discontinuities and computes heading direction, or the direction of self-motion, from global optic flow. The cortical representation of heading interacts with the representations of a goal and obstacles so that the goal acts as an attractor of heading and obstacles act as repellers. In addition, the model maintains fixation on the goal object by generating smooth pursuit eye movements. Eye rotations can distort the optic flow field, complicating heading perception, and the model uses extraretinal signals to correct for this distortion and accurately represent heading. The model explains how motion processing mechanisms in cortical areas middle temporal, medial superior temporal, and posterior parietal cortex can be used to guide steering. The model quantitatively simulates human psychophysical data about visually guided steering, obstacle avoidance, and route selection. (Contains 17 figures and 4 tables.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10