Grammatical Constraints on the Borrowing of Nouns and Verbs in Urdu and English

Autor/inn/en	Maqsood, Binish; Saleem, Tahir; Aziz, Asif; Azam, Summiaya
Titel	Grammatical Constraints on the Borrowing of Nouns and Verbs in Urdu and English
Quelle	In: SAGE Open, 9 (2019) 2, (13 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Maqsood, Binish) ORCID (Saleem, Tahir)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	2158-2440
DOI	10.1177/2158244019853469
Schlagwörter	Grammar; Urdu; Verbs; Linguistic Borrowing; Linguistic Theory; Nouns; Sentences; Computational Linguistics; Indo European Languages; Semitic Languages; Classical Languages; Latin; Contrastive Linguistics; Morphology (Languages); English + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Grammatik; Lehnwort; Linguistische Theorie; Sentence analysis; Satzanalyse; Linguistics; Computerlinguistik; Indoeuropäisch; Arabisch; Hebräisch; Latein; Kontrastive Linguistik; Morphology; Morphologie; English language; Englisch
Abstract	The present study aims at establishing grammatical constraints on the borrowing of nouns (Ns) and verbs (Vs) in Urdu and English by adopting Noam Chomsky's Methodological Naturalism within the field of generative grammar as the theoretical framework of the study. For this purpose, the corpus of Pure Urdu and Pure English sentences from textbooks and the Oxford Dictionary of English was used in this study. The data were analyzed in the light of Minimalist Program, and the findings of the study reveal that there are certain grammatical constraints on the borrowing of Vs in Urdu from Persian, Arabic, Sanskrit, and Hindi as compared with English. It is observed that whenever Urdu borrows Vs from other languages such as Arabic, Persian, and Sanskrit, it adds its little v with the fossil form of borrowed verbs in order to retain the grammaticality of the sentence while in English Vs borrowed from Latin, old English is said to be used in their fossil form and can be used with the inflection of the English and has no effect on the grammaticality of the sentence. The reason observed is the drop v phenomenon. Urdu does not drop its little v due to which whenever it borrows Vs it adds its little v along with root form of borrowed Vs otherwise the resulting structure is considered as ungrammatical. If we talk about the borrowed Ns, there are no grammatical constraints on their borrowing because they can inflect with inflectional morphology of Urdu and English language. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01