Tenured Faculty at Colleges and Universities in the United States: A De Facto Private Membership Club

Autor/in	Spanbauer, Julie M.
Titel	Tenured Faculty at Colleges and Universities in the United States: A De Facto Private Membership Club
Quelle	In: Forum on Public Policy Online, 2009 (2009) 2, (26 Seiten) PDF als Volltext (1); PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei (2) Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1938-9809
Schlagwörter	Universities; Females; Disproportionate Representation; Faculty; Tenure; Research Universities; Doctoral Programs; College Faculty; School Culture; Clubs; Barriers; Group Membership; Faculty College Relationship; Employer Employee Relationship; Gender Discrimination; Job Security; Labor Legislation; Educational History; Perspective Taking; United States + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? University; Universität; Weibliches Geschlecht; Academic Staff; Lehrkörper; Amtszeit; Beschäftigungsdauer; Forschungseinrichtung; Doktorandenprogramm; Fakultät; Schulkultur; Schulleben; Club; Klub; Gruppenzugehörigkeit; Arbeitsplatzsicherheit; Labor law; Arbeitsrecht; History of education; Bildungsgeschichte; Zukunftsperspektive; USA
Abstract	There has been a gradual increase at U.S. universities and colleges in the appointment of women to full time faculty positions with women currently comprising approximately 40% of full time faculty. When status, job security, and institutional affiliation are taken into account, the percentage drops significantly: Women occupy only 24% of tenured positions at doctoral-granting institutions, the institutions that employ 47% of full time faculty nationwide, and a mere 19% of tenured full professor positions at these institutions. Although the reasons for this underrepresentation are numerous and complex, several reasons dominate the issues of continuing gender disparity: (1) The historical and legal culture of the university as an educational institution and as a workplace was akin to a private membership club for men complete with rituals and exclusionary practices; (2) The historical and legal culture of employment generally in the U.S., as reflected in the employment at will doctrine, is that of private club, with anti-discrimination laws and tenure operating as exceptions to this strong presumption; and (3) The application of gender discrimination laws in the university setting are too deferential and are at odds with common cultural assumptions about discrimination. (Contains 108 footnotes.) (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Oxford Round Table. 406 West Florida Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801. Tel: 217-344-0237; Fax: 217-344-6963; e-mail: editor@forumonpublicpolicy.com; Web site: http://www.forumonpublicpolicy.com
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10