Shared Etiology of Phonological Memory and Vocabulary Deficits in School-Age Children

Autor/inn/en	Peterson, Robin L.; Pennington, Bruce F.; Samuelsson, Stefan; Byrne, Brian; Olson, Richard K.
Titel	Shared Etiology of Phonological Memory and Vocabulary Deficits in School-Age Children
Quelle	In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 56 (2013) 4, S.1249-1259 (11 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1092-4388
DOI	10.1044/1092-4388(2012/12-0185)
Schlagwörter	Etiology; Phonology; Short Term Memory; Vocabulary; Children; Twins; Longitudinal Studies; Genetics; Environmental Influences; Language Impairments; Foreign Countries; Australia; Colorado; Norway; Sweden; United States; Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Ätiologie; Fonologie; Kurzzeitgedächtnis; Wortschatz; Child; Kind; Kinder; Twin; Zwilling; Longitudinal study; Longitudinal method; Longitudinal methods; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Humangenetik; Environmental influence; Umwelteinfluss; Speech disorder; Speech disorders; Speech disabilities; Speech disability; Speech handicap; Speech handicaps; Speech impairment; Speech impairments; Language handicaps; Sprachbehinderung; Ausland; Australien; Norwegen; Schweden; USA
Abstract	Purpose: The goal of this study was to investigate the etiologic basis for the association between deficits in phonological memory (PM) and vocabulary in school-age children. Method: Children with deficits in PM or vocabulary were identified within the International Longitudinal Twin Study (ILTS; Samuelsson et al., 2005). The ILTS includes 1,045 twin pairs (between the ages of 5 and 8 years) from the United States, Australia, and Scandinavia. The authors applied the DeFries-Fulker (DeFries & Fulker, 1985, 1988) regression method to determine whether problems in PM and vocabulary tend to co-occur because of overlapping genes, overlapping environmental risk factors, or both. Results: Among children with isolated PM deficits, the authors found significant bivariate heritability of PM and vocabulary weaknesses both within and across time. However, when probands were selected for a vocabulary deficit, there was no evidence for bivariate heritability. In this case, it appears that the PM--vocabulary relationship is caused by common shared environmental experiences. Conclusions: The findings are consistent with previous research on the heritability of specific language impairment and suggest that there are etiologic subgroups of children with low vocabulary for different reasons, 1 being more influenced by genes and another being more influenced by environment. (Contains 5 tables and 1 footnote.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10