Neural Evidence of Allophonic Perception in Children at Risk for Dyslexia

Autor/inn/en	Noordenbos, M. W.; Segers, E.; Serniclaes, W.; Mitterer, H.; Verhoeven, L.
Titel	Neural Evidence of Allophonic Perception in Children at Risk for Dyslexia
Quelle	In: Neuropsychologia, 50 (2012) 8, S.2010-2017 (8 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0028-3932
DOI	10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.04.026
Schlagwörter	Evidence; Stimuli; Phonemes; Dyslexia; Auditory Discrimination; Acoustics; Reading Processes; Phoneme Grapheme Correspondence; At Risk Students; Control Groups; Children; Reading Difficulties; Language Processing; Elementary School Students; Beginning Reading + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Evidenz; Anreizsystem; Fonem; Dyslexics; Legasthenie; Lese-Rechtschreib-Schwäche; Akustik; Leseprozess; Child; Kind; Kinder; Reading difficulty; Leseschwierigkeit; Sprachverarbeitung; Erstleseunterricht
Abstract	Learning to read is a complex process that develops normally in the majority of children and requires the mapping of graphemes to their corresponding phonemes. Problems with the mapping process nevertheless occur in about 5% of the population and are typically attributed to poor phonological representations, which are--in turn--attributed to underlying speech processing difficulties. We examined auditory discrimination of speech sounds in 6-year-old beginning readers with a familial risk of dyslexia ("n" = 31) and no such risk ("n" = 30) using the mismatch negativity (MMN). MMNs were recorded for stimuli belonging to either the same phoneme category (acoustic variants of /b[schwa]/) or different phoneme categories (/b[schwa]/ vs. /d[schwa]/). Stimuli from different phoneme categories elicited MMNs in both the control and at-risk children, but the MMN amplitude was clearly lower in the at-risk children. In contrast, the stimuli from the same phoneme category elicited an MMN in only the children at risk for dyslexia. These results show children at risk for dyslexia to be sensitive to acoustic properties that are irrelevant in their language. Our findings thus suggest a possible cause of dyslexia in that they show 6-year-old beginning readers with at least one parent diagnosed with dyslexia to have a neural sensitivity to speech contrasts that are irrelevant in the ambient language. This sensitivity clearly hampers the development of stable phonological representations and thus leads to significant reading impairment later in life. (Contains 3 tables and 2 figures.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10