Cognitive Phenotype of Velocardiofacial Syndrome: A Review

Autor/inn/en	Furniss, Frederick; Biswas, Asit B.; Gumber, Rohit; Singh, Niraj
Titel	Cognitive Phenotype of Velocardiofacial Syndrome: A Review
Quelle	In: Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 32 (2011) 6, S.2206-2213 (8 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0891-4222
DOI	10.1016/j.ridd.2011.05.039
Schlagwörter	Mental Retardation; Schizophrenia; Developmental Disabilities; Serial Learning; Memory; Genetic Disorders; At Risk Persons; Mental Disorders; Psychosis; Correlation; Literature Reviews; Attention; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Verbal Ability; Spatial Ability; Numbers; Time; Perceptual Impairments + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Geistige Behinderung; Schizophrenie; Entwicklungsstörung; Serielles Lernen; Gedächtnis; Risikogruppe; Mental illness; Geisteskrankheit; Psychose; Korrelation; Aufmerksamkeit; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Mündliche Leistung; Räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen; Zahlenraum; Zeit; Perceptual handicaps; Wahrnehmungsstörung
Abstract	The behavioural phenotype of velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS), one of the most common human multiple anomaly syndromes, includes developmental disabilities, frequently including intellectual disability (ID) and high risk of diagnosis of psychotic disorders including schizophrenia. VCFS may offer a model of the relationship between ID and risk of major mental health difficulties. This paper reviews literature on the cognitive phenotype and its relationship with a polymorphism of the gene coding for catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT), a gene haploinsufficient in VCFS which modulates prefrontal dopamine levels. Principal features of the variable cognitive phenotype of VCFS in young people are ID, superiority of verbal over performance I.Q. and verbal over visuospatial memory, and difficulties with number and object magnitude comparisons, time perception and memory for serial order, and orienting of attention. Despite some improvements with age, problems with higher order attentional tasks involving planning persist, possibly modulated by COMT activity levels. Candidate cognitive endophenotypes include problems with retrieval of contextual information from memory and in executive control and focussing of attention. Longitudinal research using common core batteries of psychometric assessments, and experimental measures of cognitive function capable of direct translation for use with animal models, will further advance understanding of the developmental dynamics of VCFS. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10