Competing Core Processes in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Do Working Memory Deficiencies Underlie Behavioral Inhibition Deficits?

Autor/inn/en	Alderson, R. Matt; Rapport, Mark D.; Hudec, Kristen L.; Sarver, Dustin E.; Kofler, Michael J.
Titel	Competing Core Processes in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Do Working Memory Deficiencies Underlie Behavioral Inhibition Deficits?
Quelle	In: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38 (2010) 4, S.497-507 (11 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0091-0627
DOI	10.1007/s10802-010-9387-0
Schlagwörter	Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Inhibition; Short Term Memory; Predictor Variables; Behavior Problems; Cognitive Processes; Spatial Ability; Visual Perception; Children; Comparative Analysis; Effect Size + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Hemmung; Kurzzeitgedächtnis; Prädiktor; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen; Visuelle Wahrnehmung; Child; Kind; Kinder
Abstract	The current study examined competing predictions of the working memory and behavioral inhibition models of ADHD. Behavioral inhibition was measured using a conventional stop-signal task, and central executive, phonological, and visuospatial working memory components (Baddeley 2007) were assessed in 14 children with ADHD and 13 typically developing (TD) children. Bootstrapped mediation analyses revealed that the visuospatial working memory system and central executive both mediated the relationship between group membership (ADHD, TD) and stop-signal task performance. Conversely, stop-signal task performance mediated the relationship between group membership and central executive processes, but was unable to account for the phonological and visuospatial storage/rehearsal deficits consistently found in children with ADHD. Comparison of effect size estimates for both models suggested that working memory deficits may underlie impaired stop-signal task performance in children with ADHD. The current findings therefore challenge existing models of ADHD that describe behavioral inhibition as a core deficit of the disorder. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10