A Runs-Test Algorithm: Contingent Reinforcement and Response Run Structures

Autor/inn/en	Hachiga, Yosuke; Sakagami, Takayuki
Titel	A Runs-Test Algorithm: Contingent Reinforcement and Response Run Structures
Quelle	In: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 93 (2010) 1, S.61-80 (20 Seiten) PDF als Volltext (1); PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei (2) Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0022-5002
Schlagwörter	Prompting; Reinforcement; Contingency Management; Responses; Animals; Visual Stimuli; Cues; Light; Scores; Food; Probability; Mathematics; Experimental Psychology; Behavioral Science Research + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Benutzerführung; Positive Verstärkung; Krisenbewältigung; Animal; Tier; Tiere; Stichwort; Licht; Lebensmittel; Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung; Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie; Mathematik; Experimentelle Psychologie
Abstract	Four rats' choices between two levers were differentially reinforced using a runs-test algorithm. On each trial, a runs-test score was calculated based on the last 20 choices. In Experiment 1, the onset of stimulus lights cued when the runs score was smaller than criterion. Following cuing, the correct choice was occasionally reinforced with food, and the incorrect choice resulted in a blackout. Results indicated that this contingency reduced sequential dependencies among successive choice responses. With one exception, subjects' choice rule was well described as biased coin flipping. In Experiment 2, cuing was removed and the reinforcement criterion was changed to a percentile score based on the last 20 reinforced responses. The results replicated those of Experiment 1 in successfully eliminating first-order dependencies in all subjects. For 2 subjects, choice allocation was approximately consistent with nonbiased coin flipping. These results suggest that sequential dependencies may be a function of reinforcement contingency. (Contains 10 figures.) (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior. Available from: Indiana University Department of Psychology. Bloomington, IN 47405-1301. Tel: 812-334-0395; FAX: 812-855-4691; e-mail: jeab@indiana.edu; Web site: http://seab.envmed.rochester.edu/jeab/index.html
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10