Nature and Facts about Natural and Artifactual Categories: Sex Differences in the Semantic Priming Paradigm

Autor/inn/en	Bermeitinger, Christina; Wentura, Dirk; Frings, Christian
Titel	Nature and Facts about Natural and Artifactual Categories: Sex Differences in the Semantic Priming Paradigm
Quelle	In: Brain and Language, 106 (2008) 2, S.153-163 (11 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0093-934X
DOI	10.1016/j.bandl.2008.03.003
Schlagwörter	Females; Models; Semantics; Familiarity; Semiotics; Gender Differences; Task Analysis; Language Processing; Brain; Evaluation + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Weibliches Geschlecht; Analogiemodell; Semantik; Semiotik; Geschlechterkonflikt; Aufgabenanalyse; Sprachverarbeitung; Gehirn; Evaluierung
Abstract	There is abundant evidence from behavioral and neurophysiological experiments for the distinction of natural versus artifactual categories and a gender-specific difference: women's performances in cognitive tasks increase when natural categories are used, whereas men's performances increase with artifactual categories. Here, we used the semantic priming paradigm to study retrieval processes by presenting category labels as primes and exemplars as targets. Overall, in two experiments we found larger priming effects for natural than for artifactual categories. In addition, females showed positive priming effects for natural but negative effects for artifactual categories, whereas males showed positive priming effects for both categories. This pattern matches with that from other tasks and can be interpreted as evidence that the findings from these other tasks are, at least partially, indeed due to different representations or processing modes for males and females and not (exclusively) due to--for example--different familiarity with a category. In a further experiment, we showed that the found pattern for females can be manipulated by focusing on perceptual vs. functional features. The results can be interpreted as first evidence that there are (eventually in addition to different "crystallized" semantic structures) specific default processing modes that differ for males and females. (Contains 1 figure and 2 tables.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10