Evidence for Recovery of Fear Following Immediate Extinction in Rats and Humans

Autor/inn/en	Schiller, Daniela; Cain, Christopher K.; Curley, Nina G.; Schwartz, Jennifer S.; Stern, Sarah A.; LeDoux, Joseph E.; Phelps, Elizabeth A.
Titel	Evidence for Recovery of Fear Following Immediate Extinction in Rats and Humans
Quelle	In: Learning & Memory, 15 (2008) 6, S.394-402 (9 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1072-0502
DOI	10.1101/lm.909208
Schlagwörter	Intervention; Memory; Therapy; Fear; Animals; Responses; Stimuli; Inhibition; Behavior Modification; Stress Management; Hypothesis Testing; Proximity + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Gedächtnis; Therapie; Furcht; Animal; Tier; Tiere; Anreizsystem; Hemmung; Behaviour modification; Verhaltensänderung; Stressmanagement; Stressbewältigung; Hypothesenprüfung; Hypothesentest; Lebensnähe
Abstract	Fear responses can be eliminated through extinction, a procedure involving the presentation of fear-eliciting stimuli without aversive outcomes. Extinction is believed to be mediated by new inhibitory learning that acts to suppress fear expression without erasing the original memory trace. This hypothesis is supported mainly by behavioral data demonstrating that fear can recover following extinction. However, a recent report by Myers and coworkers suggests that extinction conducted immediately after fear learning may erase or prevent the consolidation of the fear memory trace. Since extinction is a major component of nearly all behavioral therapies for human fear disorders, this finding supports the notion that therapeutic intervention beginning very soon after a traumatic event will be more efficacious. Given the importance of this issue, and the controversy regarding immediate versus delayed therapeutic interventions, we examined two fear recovery phenomena in both rats and humans: spontaneous recovery (SR) and reinstatement. We found evidence for SR and reinstatement in both rats and humans even when extinction was conducted immediately after fear learning. Thus, our data do not support the hypothesis that immediate extinction erases the original memory trace, nor do they suggest that a close temporal proximity of therapeutic intervention to the traumatic event might be advantageous. (Author).
Anmerkungen	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. 500 Sunnyside Blvd, Woodbury, NY 11797-2924. Tel: 800-843-4388; Tel: 516-367-8800; Fax: 516-422-4097; e-mail: cshpres@cshl.edu; Web site: http://www.learnmem.org/
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10