Establishing Gaze Markers of Perceptual Load during Multi-Target Visual Search

Autor/inn/en	Harris, Anthony M.; Eayrs, Joshua O.; Lavie, Nilli
Titel	Establishing Gaze Markers of Perceptual Load during Multi-Target Visual Search
Quelle	In: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 8 (2023), Artikel 56 (16 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Harris, Anthony M.) ORCID (Eayrs, Joshua O.) ORCID (Lavie, Nilli)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Schlagwörter	Eye Movements; Attention; Cognitive Processes; Reaction Time; Visual Perception; Artificial Intelligence; Predictor Variables; Visual Stimuli + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Augenbewegung; Aufmerksamkeit; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Reaktionsvermögen; Visuelle Wahrnehmung; Künstliche Intelligenz; Prädiktor
Abstract	Highly-automated technologies are increasingly incorporated into existing systems, for instance in advanced car models. Although highly automated modes permit non-driving activities (e.g. internet browsing), drivers are expected to reassume control upon a 'take over' signal from the automation. To assess a person's readiness for takeover, non-invasive eye tracking can indicate their attentive state based on properties of their gaze. Perceptual load is a well-established determinant of attention and perception, however, the effects of perceptual load on a person's ability to respond to a takeover signal and the related gaze indicators are not yet known. Here we examined how load-induced attentional state affects detection of a takeover-signal proxy, as well as the gaze properties that change with attentional state, in an ongoing task with no overt behaviour beyond eye movements (responding by lingering the gaze). Participants performed a multi-target visual search of either low perceptual load (shape targets) or high perceptual load (targets were two separate conjunctions of colour and shape), while also detecting occasional auditory tones (the proxy takeover signal). Across two experiments, we found that high perceptual load was associated with poorer search performance, slower detection of cross-modal stimuli, and longer fixation durations, while saccade amplitude did not consistently change with load. Using machine learning, we were able to predict the load condition from fixation duration alone. These results suggest monitoring fixation duration may be useful in the design of systems to track users' attentional states and predict impaired user responses to stimuli outside of the focus of attention. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01