The Intersection of Family Income, Race, and Academic Performance in Access to Higher Education in Brazil

Autor/inn/en	Carvalhaes, Flavio; Senkevics, Adriano S.; Ribeiro, Carlos A. Costa
Titel	The Intersection of Family Income, Race, and Academic Performance in Access to Higher Education in Brazil
Quelle	In: Higher Education: The International Journal of Higher Education Research, 86 (2023) 3, S.591-616 (26 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Carvalhaes, Flavio)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0018-1560
DOI	10.1007/s10734-022-00916-7
Schlagwörter	Family Income; Racial Differences; High School Graduates; College Attendance; Probability; Socioeconomic Influences; College Admission; Ethnicity; Low Income Students; High Achievement; Academic Achievement; Foreign Countries; Brazil + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Familieneinkommen; Rassenunterschied; High school; High schools; Graduate; Graduates; Oberschule; Absolvent; Absolventin; College; Colleges; Attendance; Hochschule; Fachhochschule; Anwesenheit; Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung; Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie; Sozioökonomischer Faktor; Hochschulzugang; Hochschulzulassung; Zulassung; Ethnizität; Schulleistung; Ausland; Brasilien
Abstract	This paper investigates the intersection of income and race in structuring access to higher education among students that participate in a national high-stakes exam in Brazil. Our objectives are (1) to estimate the probability of students coming from different income strata, racial groups, and performance levels to access higher education and (2) to decompose income and racial effects into direct (net of educational performance) and indirect effects (through educational performance). Our data comes from a panel of high school graduates tracked between 2012 and 2017 and allow us to describe the following findings. Firstly, the probability of entering higher education is always higher among candidates from higher income strata. Second, there is a convergence in admission probabilities across the performance scale. Third, the admission curve across a performance scale is much steeper among applicants from low-income strata compared to richer students. In all of these results, students self-identified as black, brown, or indigenous (BBI) are less likely to transition to higher education than whites, even though they are in the same income and performance strata. We suggest that students from privileged socioeconomic backgrounds benefit from alternative entry strategies, such as paying tuition at less competitive private colleges. For students from low-income strata, the main alternative for entering higher education is through high academic performance. By decomposing racial effects, we show the cumulative effect of racial stratification; the gap between white and BBI students is both related to higher propensity of transitioning to higher education and higher educational performance. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01