An fMRI Validation Study of the Word-Monitoring Task as a Measure of Implicit Knowledge: Exploring the Role of Explicit and Implicit Aptitudes in Behavioral and Neural Processing

Autor/inn/en	Suzuki, Yuichi; Jeong, Hyeonjeong; Cui, Haining; Okamoto, Kiyo; Kawashima, Ryuta; Sugiura, Motoaki
Titel	An fMRI Validation Study of the Word-Monitoring Task as a Measure of Implicit Knowledge: Exploring the Role of Explicit and Implicit Aptitudes in Behavioral and Neural Processing
Quelle	In: Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 45 (2023) 1, S.109-136 (28 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Suzuki, Yuichi) ORCID (Jeong, Hyeonjeong) ORCID (Cui, Haining) ORCID (Sugiura, Motoaki)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0272-2631
DOI	10.1017/S0272263122000043
Schlagwörter	Task Analysis; Diagnostic Tests; Brain Hemisphere Functions; Prediction; Language Aptitude; Grammar; Japanese; Native Speakers; Second Language Learning; Language Tests; Aptitude Tests; Memory; Correlation; Psycholinguistics; Error Patterns; Comparative Analysis; Foreign Countries + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Aufgabenanalyse; Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test; Vorhersage; Sprachbegabung; Spracheignung; Grammatik; Japaner; Japanisch; Muttersprachler; Zweitsprachenerwerb; Language test; Sprachtest; Aptitude test; Eignungsprüfung; Eignungstest; Gedächtnis; Korrelation; Psycholinguistik; Fehlertyp; Ausland
Abstract	In this study, neural representation of adult second language (L2) speakers' implicit grammatical knowledge was investigated. Advanced L2 speakers of Japanese living in Japan, as well as L1 Japanese speakers, performed a word-monitoring task (proposed as an implicit knowledge test) in the MRI scanner. Behavioral measures were obtained from aptitude tests for explicit (language analytic ability) and implicit (statistical learning ability) learning. Findings indicate that, although both L1 and L2 speakers recruited neural circuits associated with procedural memory during the word-monitoring task, different brain regions were activated: premotor cortex (L1 speakers) and left caudate (L2 speakers). The premotor cortex activation was weaker in L2 than L1 speakers but was positively correlated with the left caudate activation, suggesting that their grammatical knowledge, while less automatized, was still developing. Behavioral sensitivity to errors was predicted only by explicit language aptitude, which may play a key role in the automatization of grammatical knowledge. (As Provided).
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Update	2024/1/01