Sleep Electroencephalogram (EEG) Oscillations and Associated Memory Processing during Childhood and Early Adolescence

Autor/inn/en	Kurz, Eva-Maria; Zinke, Katharina; Born, Jan
Titel	Sleep Electroencephalogram (EEG) Oscillations and Associated Memory Processing during Childhood and Early Adolescence
Quelle	In: Developmental Psychology, 59 (2023) 2, S.297-311 (15 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0012-1649
DOI	10.1037/dev0001487
Schlagwörter	Sleep; Diagnostic Tests; Cognitive Processes; Age Differences; Foreign Countries; Memory; Child Development; Adolescent Development; Developmental Stages; Prediction; Recall (Psychology); Intelligence Quotient; Behavior Problems; Germany + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Schlaf; Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Ausland; Gedächtnis; Kindesentwicklung; Vorhersage; Abberufung; Intelligenzquotient; Deutschland
Abstract	The architecture of sleep undergoes distinct changes during childhood and early adolescence. Slow wave sleep is involved in memory processing and may support active consolidation of newly encoded representations to support the formation of abstracted "gist" memories. Here, we examined sleep and overnight memory formation in German school children (n = 33) between 7 and 15 years of age, after the encoding phase of a verbal Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) task. Effects of age were analyzed on sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) signatures of memory processing during nonrapid eye movement (NonREM) sleep, and the overnight formation of veridical and gist-based memories. Increasing age decreases time spent in slow wave sleep, and slow wave activity, whereas density and amplitude of fast sleep spindles in NonREM sleep were increased. Moreover, fast spindles were more consistently and more closely coupled to the upstate of the slow oscillation in the older children. Also, veridical and gist-based recall of words after sleep increased with age. Notably, a closer slow oscillation upstate-fast spindle coupling predicted veridical recall of words, and this relationship was found independent of age. Memory performance in the sleeping children did not differ from that of an age-matched control group (n = 32) tested over a daytime wake retention interval, with adolescents even showing superior veridical recall after wake. Our findings suggest that slow oscillation-spindle coupling as a mechanism of sleep-dependent memory formation becomes increasingly relevant during childhood and early adolescence. However, wake-associated mechanisms similarly effective in forming medium-term memory exist in this age as well. (As Provided).
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Update	2024/1/01