Perception of Direct Gaze in a Video-Conference Setting: The Effects of Position and Size

Autor/inn/en	Horstmann, Gernot; Linke, Linda
Titel	Perception of Direct Gaze in a Video-Conference Setting: The Effects of Position and Size
Quelle	In: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 7 (2022), Artikel 67 (10 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Horstmann, Gernot)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	2365-7464
DOI	10.1186/s41235-022-00418-1
Schlagwörter	Videoconferencing; Eye Movements; Computer Mediated Communication; Attention; Student Attitudes; Nonverbal Communication + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Augenbewegung; Computerkonferenz; Aufmerksamkeit; Schülerverhalten; Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation
Abstract	A common problem in video conferences is gaze direction. In face-to-face communication, it is common that speaker and listener intermittently look at each other. In a video-conference setting, where multiple participants are on the screen, things are complicated and not necessarily optimal. If the listener feels looked at when the speaker looks into the camera, how tolerant is the listener for slight deviations? And does this depend on the position of the speaker's tile on the screen, or the size of the tile? In a first experiment, participants from a student population judged whether they are looked at, while vertical gaze direction of the looker was varied. Furthermore, the position of the tile on the screen varied. The results showed that a slightly upward directed gaze was optimal for the direct gaze judgment, with a width of ± 4 degrees. Optimal gaze direction was somewhat higher for tiles at the bottom of the screen. A second experiment tested the effect of size on the perception of horizontal gaze directions. Size was found to increase the gaze cone. The paper concludes with some recommendations for a setup of video conference systems, optimized for perceived gaze contact. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01