Lineup Identification in Young and Older Witnesses: Does Describing the Criminal Help or Hinder?

Autor/inn/en	Holdstock, Juliet S.; Dalton, Polly; May, Keith A.; Boogert, Stewart; Mickes, Laura
Titel	Lineup Identification in Young and Older Witnesses: Does Describing the Criminal Help or Hinder?
Quelle	In: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 7 (2022), Artikel 51 (16 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	2365-7464
DOI	10.1186/s41235-022-00399-1
Schlagwörter	Crime; Identification; Young Adults; Criminals; Victims; Older Adults; Aging (Individuals); Comparative Analysis; Task Analysis; Video Technology; Recognition (Psychology); Verbal Communication + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Crimes; Delict; Delicts; Delikt; Identifikation; Identifizierung; Young adult; Junger Erwachsener; Straftäter; Victim; Opfer; Älterer Erwachsener; Aging; Altern; Aufgabenanalyse; Recognition; Wiedererkennen
Abstract	The world population is getting older and, as a result, the number of older victims of crime is expected to increase. It is therefore essential to understand how ageing affects eyewitness identification, so procedures can be developed that enable victims of crime of all ages to provide evidence as accurately and reliably as possible. In criminal investigations, witnesses often provide a description of the perpetrator of the crime before later making an identification. While describing the perpetrator prior to making a lineup identification can have a detrimental effect on identification in younger adults, referred to as verbal overshadowing, it is unclear whether older adults are affected in the same way. Our study compared lineup identification of a group of young adults and a group of older adults using the procedure that has consistently revealed verbal overshadowing in young adults. Participants watched a video of a mock crime. Following a 20-min filled delay, they either described the perpetrator or completed a control task. Immediately afterwards, they identified the perpetrator from a lineup, or indicated that the perpetrator was not present, and rated their confidence. We found that describing the perpetrator decreased subsequent correct identification of the perpetrator in both young and older adults. This effect of verbal overshadowing was not explained by a change in discrimination but was consistent with participants adopting a more conservative criterion. Confidence and response time were both found to predict identification accuracy for young and older groups, particularly in the control condition. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01