Attentional Shifting Differences in Autism: Domain General, Domain Specific or Both?

Autor/inn/en	Skripkauskaite, Simona; Slade, Lance; Mayer, Jennifer
Titel	Attentional Shifting Differences in Autism: Domain General, Domain Specific or Both?
Quelle	In: Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 25 (2021) 6, S.1721-1733 (13 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Skripkauskaite, Simona)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1362-3613
DOI	10.1177/13623613211001619
Schlagwörter	Attention; Autism; Pervasive Developmental Disorders; Adults; Social Influences; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Eye Movements; Visual Stimuli; Reaction Time; Observation; Diagnostic Tests; Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Aufmerksamkeit; Autismus; Sozialer Einfluss; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Augenbewegung; Reaktionsvermögen; Beobachtung; Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test
Abstract	Atypical attention is considered to have an important role in the development of autism. Yet, it remains unclear whether these attentional difficulties are specific to the social domain. This study aimed to examine attentional orienting in autistic and non-autistic adults from and to non-social and social stimuli. We utilised a modified gap-overlap task with schematic images (Experiment 1: autistic = 27 and non-autistic = 26) and photographs (Experiment 2: autistic = 18 and non-autistic = 17). Eye-tracking data (i.e. saccadic latencies) were then compared across condition and type of stimulus (social or non-social) using multilevel modelling. Autistic adults exhibited mostly typical gap and overlap effects, as well as a bias towards social stimuli. Yet, autistic participants benefitted from exogenous disengagement when orienting to social information more than non-autistic participants. Neither a domain general nor social domain-specific account for attentional atypicalities in autism was supported separately. Yet, subtle combined domain differences were revealed in the gap condition. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01