Measuring Causality between Collaborative and Individual Gaze Metrics for Collaborative Problem-Solving with Intelligent Tutoring Systems

Autor/inn/en	Sharma, Kshitij; Olsen, Jennifer K.; Aleven, Vincent; Rummel, Nikol
Titel	Measuring Causality between Collaborative and Individual Gaze Metrics for Collaborative Problem-Solving with Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Quelle	In: Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 37 (2021) 1, S.51-68 (18 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Sharma, Kshitij)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0266-4909
DOI	10.1111/jcal.12467
Schlagwörter	Cooperative Learning; Interpersonal Communication; Eye Movements; Problem Solving; Intelligent Tutoring Systems; Cognitive Processes; Causal Models; Fractions; Scores + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Kooperatives Lernen; Interpersonale Kommunikation; Augenbewegung; Problemlösen; Intelligentes Tutorsystem; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Kausalanalyse; Bruchrechnung
Abstract	When students are working collaboratively and communicating verbally in a technology-enhanced environment, the system cannot track what collaboration is happening outside of the technology, making it difficult to fully assess the collaboration of the students and adapt accordingly. In this article, we propose using gaze measures as a proxy for cognitive processes to achieve collaboration awareness. Specifically, we use Granger causality to analyse the causal relationships between collaborative and individual gaze measures from students working on a fractions intelligent tutoring system and the influence that the students' dialogue, prior knowledge, or success has on these relationships. We found that collaborative gaze patterns drive the individual focus in the pairs with high posttest scores and when they are engaged in problem-solving dialogues but the opposite with low performing students. Our work adds to the literature by extending the correlational relationships between individual and collaborative gaze measures to causal relationships and suggests indicators that can be used within an adaptive system. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01