Detecting Students' Flow States and Their Construct through Electroencephalogram: Reflective Flow Experiences, Balance of Challenge and Skill, and Sense of Control

Autor/inn/en	Wu, Shu-Fen; Lu, Yu-Ling; Lien, Chi-Jui
Titel	Detecting Students' Flow States and Their Construct through Electroencephalogram: Reflective Flow Experiences, Balance of Challenge and Skill, and Sense of Control
Quelle	In: Journal of Educational Computing Research, 58 (2021) 8, S.1515-1540 (26 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Wu, Shu-Fen) ORCID (Lu, Yu-Ling)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0735-6331
DOI	10.1177/0735633120944084
Schlagwörter	Brain Hemisphere Functions; Diagnostic Tests; Student Attitudes; Grade 4; Grade 5; Elementary School Students; Electronic Learning; Evaluation Methods; Attention Control; Self Efficacy; Learner Engagement; Achievement Tests; Mathematics Tests; Foreign Countries; International Assessment; Likert Scales; Decision Making; Cognitive Processes; Taiwan; Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test; Schülerverhalten; School year 04; 4. Schuljahr; Schuljahr 04; School year 05; 5. Schuljahr; Schuljahr 05; Aufmerksamkeitstest; Self-efficacy; Selbstwirksamkeit; Achievement test; Achievement; Testing; Test; Tests; Leistungsbeurteilung; Leistungsüberprüfung; Leistung; Testdurchführung; Testen; Ausland; Likert-Skala; Decision-making; Entscheidungsfindung; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess
Abstract	Previous studies measured flow states using students' self-reported experiences, resulting in issues regarding nonobjective and nonreal-time data. Thus, this study used an electroencephalogram (EEG) to measure the EEG-detected real-time flow states (EEG-Fs) of 30 students from the 4th and 5th grades. Their EEG measurements, self-reported reflective flow experiences (SR-Fs), grade levels (GLs), balance of challenge and skill (BCS), and sense of control, represented by their overall test performance (OA-tp) and momentary test performance (MOM-tp), were analyzed to establish their EEG-F's construct. Based on the results of a chi-square test, the EEG-F correlates significantly with SR-F, BCS, OA-tp, and MOM-tp. A J48 decision tree analysis and logistic regression further revealed that in-flow experiences (in-EEG-F) were detected when students had high SR-Fs, where the BCS contributed to flow states. In particular, students with a low-challenge/high-skill BCS demonstrated an in-EEG-F state upon having a high OA-tp. For high-challenge/high-skill, the in-EEG-F state was determined through their MOM-tp. Through the EEG and flow state construct, this study revealed a whole-part association between students' momentary and overall reflective flow experiences and identified viable paths for inducing students' EEG-Fs, which can contribute to future e-learning development when integrated with a brain-computer interface for e-learning or e-evaluation systems. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01