Gaze to Faces across Interactive Contexts in Infants at Heightened Risk for Autism

Autor/inn/en	Gangi, Devon N.; Schwichtenberg, A. J.; Iosif, Ana-Maria; Young, Gregory S.; Baguio, Fam; Ozonoff, Sally
Titel	Gaze to Faces across Interactive Contexts in Infants at Heightened Risk for Autism
Quelle	In: Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 22 (2018) 6, S.763-768 (6 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1362-3613
DOI	10.1177/1362361317704421
Schlagwörter	Infants; Autism; At Risk Persons; Eye Movements; Pervasive Developmental Disorders; Interpersonal Competence; Communication Skills; Behavior Problems; Age Differences; Interaction; Play; Parent Child Relationship; Context Effect; Siblings; Diagnostic Tests; Observation; Children; Cognitive Ability; Young Children; Motor Development; Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule; Mullen Scales of Early Learning + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Autismus; Risikogruppe; Augenbewegung; Interpersonale Kompetenz; Kommunikationsstil; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Interaktion; Spiel; Parents-child relationship; Parent-child-relation; Parent-child relationship; Eltern-Kind-Beziehung; Sibling; Geschwister; Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test; Beobachtung; Child; Kind; Kinder; Denkfähigkeit; Frühe Kindheit; Motorische Entwicklung
Abstract	Infant social-communicative behavior, such as gaze to the face of an interactive partner, is an important early developmental skill. Children with autism spectrum disorder exhibit atypicalities in social-communicative behavior, including gaze and eye contact. Behavioral differences in infancy may serve as early markers of autism spectrum disorder and help identify individuals at highest risk for developing the disorder. Researchers often assess social-communicative behavior in a single interactive context, such as during assessment with an unfamiliar examiner or play with a parent. Understanding whether infant behavior is consistent across such contexts is important for evaluating the validity of experimental paradigms and the generalizability of findings from one interactive context/partner to another. We examined infant gaze to the face of a social partner at 6, 9, and 12 months of age in infants who were later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, as well as low- and high-risk infants without autism spectrum disorder outcomes, across two interactive contexts: structured testing with an unfamiliar examiner and semi-structured play with a parent. By 9 months, infant gaze behavior was significantly associated between the two contexts. By 12 months, infants without autism spectrum disorder outcomes exhibited higher mean rates of gaze to faces during parent-child play than Mullen testing, while the gaze behavior of the autism spectrum disorder group did not differ by context--suggesting that infants developing autism spectrum disorder may be less sensitive to context or interactive partner. Findings support the validity of assessing infant social-communicative behavior during structured laboratory settings and suggest that infant behavior exhibits consistency across settings and interactive partners. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01