The Impact of Negative Affect on Attention Patterns to Threat across the First 2 Years of Life

Autor/inn/en	Pérez-Edgar, Koraly; Morales, Santiago; LoBue, Vanessa; Taber-Thomas, Bradley C.; Allen, Elizabeth K.; Brown, Kayla M.; Buss, Kristin A.
Titel	The Impact of Negative Affect on Attention Patterns to Threat across the First 2 Years of Life
Quelle	In: Developmental Psychology, 53 (2017) 12, S.2219-2232 (14 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0012-1649
DOI	10.1037/dev0000408
Schlagwörter	Individual Differences; Attention; Emotional Response; Affective Behavior; Infants; Toddlers; Cues; Nonverbal Communication; Eye Movements; Visual Stimuli; Age Differences; Time; Personality Traits; Questionnaires; Infant Behavior; Statistical Analysis; Gender Differences; Rothbart Infant Behavior Questionnaire + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Individueller Unterschied; Aufmerksamkeit; Emotionales Verhalten; Affective disturbance; Active behaviour; Affektive Störung; Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Infants; Stichwort; Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation; Augenbewegung; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Zeit; Individual characteristics; Personality characteristic; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Fragebogen; Statistische Analyse; Geschlechterkonflikt
Abstract	The current study examined the relations between individual differences in attention to emotion faces and temperamental negative affect across the first 2 years of life. Infant studies have noted a normative pattern of preferential attention to salient cues, particularly angry faces. A parallel literature suggests that elevated attention bias to threat is associated with anxiety, particularly if coupled with temperamental risk. Examining the emerging relations between attention to threat and temperamental negative affect may help distinguish normative from at-risk patterns of attention. Infants (N = 145) ages 4 to 24 months (M = 12.93 months, SD = 5.57) completed an eye-tracking task modeled on the attention bias "dot-probe" task used with older children and adults. With age, infants spent greater time attending to emotion faces, particularly threat faces. All infants displayed slower latencies to fixate to incongruent versus congruent probes. Neither relation was moderated by temperament. Trial-by-trial analyses found that dwell time to the face was associated with latency to orient to subsequent probes, moderated by the infant's age and temperament. In young infants low in negative affect longer processing of angry faces was associated with faster subsequent fixation to probes; young infants high in negative affect displayed the opposite pattern at trend. Findings suggest that although age was directly associated with an emerging bias to threat, the "impact" of processing threat on subsequent orienting was associated with age and temperament. Early patterns of attention may shape how children respond to their environments, potentially via attention's gate-keeping role in framing a child's social world for processing. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01