Scientific U-Turns: Eight Occasions When Science Changed Its Mind

Autor/inn/en	Sosabowski, Michael Hal; Gard, Paul R.
Titel	Scientific U-Turns: Eight Occasions When Science Changed Its Mind
Quelle	In: School Science Review, 99 (2017) 366, S.121-129 (9 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0036-6811
Schlagwörter	Scientific Methodology; Science Process Skills; Scientists; Change; Foreign Countries; Scientific Research; Health; Probability; Communicable Diseases; Health Behavior; Autism; Immunization Programs; Statistics; Hospitals; Drug Therapy; Hypertension; United Kingdom (England) + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Scientist; Wissenschaftler; Wandel; Ausland; Gesundheit; Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung; Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie; Contagious disease; Contagious diseases; Communicable disease; Infektionskrankheit; Health behaviour; Gesundheitsverhalten; Autismus; Immunisierung; Statistik; Krankengymnast; Krankenhaus; Bluthochdruck; Hypertonie
Abstract	The Scientific Method is the series of processes by which hypotheses, ideas and theories are shown to be true beyond a reasonable scientific doubt. Most science "fact" is expressed in terms of probabilities rather than certainties. Thus, by means of statistical calculations, researchers aim to determine whether an observed association between two events or characteristics may have occurred by chance (coincidence), whether they frequently occur together (correlation) or whether they occur together because one causes the other (causative relationship). In this article we review the Scientific Method and consider the statistical tests that are applied. We then focus on the occasions when science changes its mind and review eight such occurrences. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Association for Science Education. College Lane Hatfield, Herts, AL10 9AA, UK. Tel: +44-1-707-283000; Fax: +44-1-707-266532; e-mail: info@ase.org.uk; Web site: http://www.ase.org.uk
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01