The Attentional Boost Effect and Context Memory

Autor/inn/en	Mulligan, Neil W.; Smith, S. Adam; Spataro, Pietro
Titel	The Attentional Boost Effect and Context Memory
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 42 (2016) 4, S.598-607 (10 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
DOI	10.1037/xlm0000183
Schlagwörter	Memory; Attention; Recognition (Psychology); Priming; Test Items; Experiments; Prediction; Stimuli; Undergraduate Students; Word Frequency; Statistical Analysis; Visual Stimuli; Auditory Stimuli; North Carolina + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Gedächtnis; Aufmerksamkeit; Recognition; Wiedererkennen; Test content; Testaufgabe; Erprobung; Vorhersage; Anreizsystem; Word analysis; Frequency; Wortanalyse; Häufigkeit; Statistische Analyse; Auditive Stimulation
Abstract	Stimuli co-occurring with targets in a detection task are better remembered than stimuli co-occurring with distractors--the attentional boost effect (ABE). The ABE is of interest because it is an exception to the usual finding that divided attention during encoding impairs memory. The effect has been demonstrated in tests of item memory but it is unclear if context memory is likewise affected. Some accounts suggest enhanced perceptual encoding or associative binding, predicting an ABE on context memory, whereas other evidence suggests a more abstract, amodal basis of the effect. In Experiment 1, context memory was assessed in terms of an intramodal perceptual detail, the font and color of the study word. Experiment 2 examined context memory cross-modally, assessing memory for the modality (visual or auditory) of the study word. Experiments 3 and 4 assessed context memory with list discrimination, in which 2 study lists are presented and participants must later remember which list (if either) a test word came from. In all experiments, item (recognition) memory was also assessed and consistently displayed a robust ABE. In contrast, the attentional-boost manipulation did not enhance context memory, whether defined in terms of visual details, study modality, or list membership. There was some evidence that the mode of responding on the detection task (motoric response as opposed to covert counting of targets) may impact context memory but there was no evidence of an effect of target detection, per se. In sum, the ABE did not occur in context memory with verbal materials. (As Provided).
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Update	2020/1/01