Feature Statistics Modulate the Activation of Meaning during Spoken Word Processing

Autor/inn/en	Devereux, Barry J.; Taylor, Kirsten I.; Randall, Billi; Geertzen, Jeroen; Tyler, Lorraine K.
Titel	Feature Statistics Modulate the Activation of Meaning during Spoken Word Processing
Quelle	In: Cognitive Science, 40 (2016) 2, S.325-350 (26 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0364-0213
DOI	10.1111/cogs.12234
Schlagwörter	Oral Language; Semantics; Concept Mapping; Statistics; Lexicology; Task Analysis; Computation; Simulation; Word Processing; Decision Making; Correlation; Statistical Analysis; Experiments; Reading Comprehension; English; Foreign Countries; Phonemes; Auditory Stimuli; United Kingdom (Great Britain) + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Oral interpretation; Mündlicher Sprachgebrauch; Semantik; Concept Map; Statistik; Lexikologie; Aufgabenanalyse; Simulation program; Simulationsprogramm; Textverarbeitung; Decision-making; Entscheidungsfindung; Korrelation; Statistische Analyse; Erprobung; Leseverstehen; English language; Englisch; Ausland; Fonem; Auditive Stimulation
Abstract	Understanding spoken words involves a rapid mapping from speech to conceptual representations. One distributed feature-based conceptual account assumes that the statistical characteristics of concepts' features--the number of concepts they occur in ("distinctiveness/sharedness") and likelihood of co-occurrence ("correlational strength")--determine conceptual activation. To test these claims, we investigated the role of distinctiveness/sharedness and correlational strength in speech-to-meaning mapping, using a lexical decision task and computational simulations. Responses were faster for concepts with higher sharedness, suggesting that shared features are facilitatory in tasks like lexical decision that require access to them. Correlational strength facilitated responses for slower participants, suggesting a time-sensitive co-occurrence-driven settling mechanism. The computational simulation showed similar effects, with early effects of shared features and later effects of correlational strength. These results support a general-to-specific account of conceptual processing, whereby early activation of shared features is followed by the gradual emergence of a specific target representation. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Wiley-Blackwell. 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148. Tel: 800-835-6770; Tel: 781-388-8598; Fax: 781-388-8232; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01