Conflict Adaptation and Congruency Sequence Effects to Social-Emotional Stimuli in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Autor/inn/en	Worsham, Whitney; Gray, Whitney E.; Larson, Michael J.; South, Mikle
Titel	Conflict Adaptation and Congruency Sequence Effects to Social-Emotional Stimuli in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Quelle	In: Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 19 (2015) 8, S.897-905 (9 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1362-3613
DOI	10.1177/1362361314553280
Schlagwörter	Autism; Pervasive Developmental Disorders; Conflict; Adjustment (to Environment); Congruence (Psychology); Stimuli; Cognitive Processes; Interference (Learning); Reaction Time; Accuracy; Nonverbal Communication; Psychological Patterns; Children; Adolescents; Statistical Analysis; Diagnostic Tests; Observation; Utah; Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule; Wechsler Intelligence Scales Short Forms + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Autismus; Konflikt; Congruence; Psychology; Kongruenz; Psychologie; Anreizsystem; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Reaktionsvermögen; Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation; Child; Kind; Kinder; Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Statistische Analyse; Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test; Beobachtung
Abstract	Background: The modification of performance following conflict can be measured using conflict adaptation tasks thought to measure the change in the allocation of cognitive resources in order to reduce conflict interference and improve performance. While previous studies have suggested atypical processing during nonsocial cognitive control tasks, conflict adaptation (i.e. congruency sequence effects) for social-emotional stimuli have not been previously studied in autism spectrum disorder. Methods: A total of 32 participants diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and 27 typically developing matched controls completed an emotional Stroop conflict task that required the classification of facial affect while simultaneously ignoring an overlaid affective word. Results: Both groups showed behavioral evidence for emotional conflict adaptation based on response times and accuracy rates. However, the autism spectrum disorder group demonstrated a speed-accuracy trade-off manifested through significantly faster response times and decreased accuracy rates on trials containing conflict between the emotional face and the overlaid emotional word. Conclusion: Reduced selective attention toward socially relevant information may bias individuals with autism spectrum disorder toward more rapid processing and decision making even when conflict is present. Nonetheless, the loss of important information from the social stimuli reduces decision-making accuracy, negatively affecting the ability to adapt both cognitively and emotionally when conflict arises. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01