Differences in the Ability of Apes and Children to Instruct Others Using Gestures

Autor/inn/en	Grosse, Katja; Call, Josep; Carpenter, Malinda; Tomasello, Michael
Titel	Differences in the Ability of Apes and Children to Instruct Others Using Gestures
Quelle	In: Language Learning and Development, 11 (2015) 4, S.310-330 (21 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1547-5441
DOI	10.1080/15475441.2014.955246
Schlagwörter	Animals; Animal Behavior; Child Behavior; Nonverbal Communication; Evolution; Young Children; Teaching Methods; Rewards; Communication Strategies; Video Technology; Coding; Age Differences; Foreign Countries; Statistical Analysis; Germany + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Animal; Tier; Tiere; Tierverhalten; Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation; Frühe Kindheit; Teaching method; Lehrmethode; Unterrichtsmethode; Reward; Belohnung; Kommunikationsstrategie; Codierung; Programmierung; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Ausland; Statistische Analyse; Deutschland
Abstract	In all human cultures, people gesture iconically. However, the evolutionary basis of iconic gestures is unknown. In this study, chimpanzees and bonobos, and 2- and 3-year-old children, learned how to operate two apparatuses to get rewards. Then, at test, only a human adult had access to the apparatuses, and participants could instruct her about how to obtain the rewards. Children frequently produced appropriate iconic gestures, but with the exception of one human-raised chimpanzee, great apes did not gesture iconically. However, chimpanzees pointed to a reward outside the apparatus in another experimental condition, showing their motivation and ability to communicate with the human to request it. They also manipulated a duplicate apparatus in appropriate ways, though it was unclear if they did this to communicate with the human. Although great apes may have some of the prerequisite skills involved, iconic gestures come naturally to humans in a way that they do not for great apes. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Psychology Press. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 325 Chestnut Street Suite 800, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Fax: 215-625-2940; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01