Forward and Backward Digit Span Interaction with Race and IQ: Predictions from Jensen's Theory.

Autor/inn/en	Jensen, Arthur R.; Figueroa, Richard A.
Titel	Forward and Backward Digit Span Interaction with Race and IQ: Predictions from Jensen's Theory.
Quelle	(1975), (23 Seiten) PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei Verfügbarkeit
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Monographie
Schlagwörter	Associative Learning; Cognitive Processes; Elementary School Students; Intelligence Differences; Intelligence Tests; Learning Processes; Learning Theories; Memory; Racial Differences; Recall (Psychology); Retention (Psychology); Rote Learning; Task Analysis; Verbal Learning; Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Intelligence test; Intelligenztest; Learning process; Lernprozess; Learning theory; Lerntheorie; Gedächtnis; Rassenunterschied; Abberufung; Merkfähigkeit; Mechanisches Lernen; Aufgabenanalyse; Verbales Lernen
Abstract	The study sought to use Jensen's two-level theory of mental abilities to predict some hitherto unknown or unnoticed phenomena--facts about which the theory should yield clear-cut predictions and which are not as clearly predictable from other theories, though they may receive ad hoc explanations after the fact. From the two-level theory of mental abilities (Level 1: rate learning and memory, involving little or no transformation of the input; Level 2: complex cognitive processing involving transformation and mental manipulation of input) it was predicted that forward digit span (FDS) should correlate less with IQ than backward digit span (BDS), and age and race should interact with FDS-BDS, with the FDS-BDS difference decreasing as a function of age and a greater white-black difference in BDS than in FDS. The latter prediction is derived from the hypothesis that the magnitude of racial differences should be a function of the degree to which Level 2 predominates in the cognitive demands of the particular test. The predictions were substantiated at a high level of significance in large representative samples of white and black children of ages 5-12 years, who were given the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Revised). Supplementary studies found no support for rival hypotheses based on anxiety, task difficulty, and race of examiner. (Author/JM)
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC