The effect of response order on candidate viewing behaviour and item difficulty in a multiple-choice listening test.

Autor/inn/en	Holzknecht, Franz; McCray, Gareth; Eberharter, Kathrin; Kremmel, Benjamin; Zehentner, Matthias; Spiby, Richard; Dunlea, Jamie
Titel	The effect of response order on candidate viewing behaviour and item difficulty in a multiple-choice listening test.
Quelle	In: Language testing, 38 (2021) 1, S. 41-61Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext (1); PDF als Volltext (2) Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Beigaben	Abbildungen 1; Literaturangaben; Tabellen 4
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; gedruckt; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0265-5322; 1477-0946
Schlagwörter	Empirische Forschung; Hörtest; Multiple-Choice-Verfahren; Testverhalten; Multiple-Choice-Verfahren; Antwort; Empirische Forschung; Antwort
Abstract	Studies from various disciplines have reported that spatial location of options in relation to processing order impacts the ultimate choice of the option. A large number of studies have found a primacy effect, that is, the tendency to prefer the first option. In this paper, the authors report on evidence that position of the key in four-option multiple-choice (MC) listening test items may affect item difficulty and thereby potentially introduce construct-irrelevant variance. Two sets of analyses were undertaken. With Study 1 they explored 30 test takers' processing via eye-tracking on listening items from the Aptis Test. An unexpected finding concerned the amount of processing undertaken on different response options on the MC questions, given their order. Based on this, in Study 2 the authors looked at the direct effect of key position on item difficulty in a sample of 200 live Aptis items and around 6000 test takers per item. The results suggest that the spatial location of the key in MC listening tests affects the amount of processing it receives and the item's difficulty. Given the widespread use of MC tasks in language assessments, these findings seem crucial, particularly for tests that randomize response order. Candidates who by chance have many keys in last position might be significantly disadvantaged. (Verlag, adapt.).
Erfasst von	Informationszentrum für Fremdsprachenforschung, Marburg
Update	2022/2