Effects of Methylphenidate on Subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Autor/inn/en	Gorman, Erin B.; Klorman, Rafael; Thatcher, Joan E.; Borgstedt, Agneta D.
Titel	Effects of Methylphenidate on Subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Quelle	In: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 45 (2006) 7, S.808-816 (9 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0890-8567
DOI	10.1097/01.chi.0000214191.57993.dd
Schlagwörter	Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Arithmetic; Drug Therapy; Outcomes of Treatment; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Children; Preadolescents; Comparative Analysis; Parent Attitudes; Teacher Attitudes; Rating Scales; Behavior Problems; Aggression; Attention Span + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Addition; Arithmetik; Arithmetikunterricht; Rechnen; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Child; Kind; Kinder; Pre-adolescence; Präadoleszenz; Elternverhalten; Lehrerverhalten; Rating-Skala
Abstract	Objective: To compare the effects of methylphenidate on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subtypes. Method: Nineteen ADHD/inattentive (ADHD/I) and 22 ADHD/combined (ADHD/C) 6- to 12-year-old children entered a 6-week, double-blind trial of placebo and methylphenidate in divided doses (0.94 [plus or minus] 0.02 mg/kg/day = 33.06 [plus or minus] 1.40 mg/day). ADHD children received a restricted arithmetic task without medication before the trial and after their noon dose on the last day of each phase. Thirty-four unmedicated controls were tested at comparable time points. Parents and teachers rated ADHD children before and after each phase of the trial; parents rated controls before the study. Results: Controls had marginally better arithmetic performance than children with ADHD/C who outperformed ADHD/I children. Unmedicated children with ADHD exceeded controls in task-incompatible behaviors during restricted arithmetic. Under methylphenidate, both ADHD subtypes reached control levels of arithmetic performance and task-incompatible behavior. Before the trial, parents rated children with both ADHD subtypes higher than controls on inattention, hyperactivity, and oppositionality/aggression and parents and teachers rated ADHD/C children higher than ADHD/I children on hyperactivity and oppositionality/aggression but not inattention. Methylphenidate lowered parent and teacher ratings of inattention and hyperactivity for those with both ADHD subtypes, but ratings of children with ADHD/C decreased more in hyperactivity and aggression. Conclusions: Methylphenidate ameliorated task-incompatible behavior, arithmetic performance, and inattention comparably in both ADHD subtypes, whereas medication reduced hyperactivity and aggression largely in children with ADHD/C. (Contains 4 tables.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10