Behavioural and Cognitive Sex/Gender Differences in Autism Spectrum Condition and Typically Developing Males and Females

Autor/inn/en	Hull, Laura; Mandy, William; Petrides, K. V.
Titel	Behavioural and Cognitive Sex/Gender Differences in Autism Spectrum Condition and Typically Developing Males and Females
Quelle	In: Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 21 (2017) 6, S.706-727 (22 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1362-3613
DOI	10.1177/1362361316669087
Schlagwörter	Pervasive Developmental Disorders; Females; Gender Differences; Autism; Control Groups; Intelligence Quotient; Meta Analysis; Clinical Diagnosis; Diagnostic Tests; Comparative Analysis; Qualitative Research; Behavior Patterns; Behavior Problems; Cognitive Ability; Literature Reviews; Statistical Analysis + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Weibliches Geschlecht; Geschlechterkonflikt; Autismus; Intelligenzquotient; Meta-analysis; Metaanalyse; Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test; Qualitative Forschung; Denkfähigkeit; Statistische Analyse
Abstract	Studies assessing sex/gender differences in autism spectrum conditions often fail to include typically developing control groups. It is, therefore, unclear whether observed sex/gender differences reflect those found in the general population or are particular to autism spectrum conditions. A systematic search identified articles comparing behavioural and cognitive characteristics in males and females with and without an autism spectrum condition diagnosis. A total of 13 studies were included in meta-analyses of sex/gender differences in core autism spectrum condition symptoms (social/communication impairments and restricted/repetitive behaviours and interests) and intelligence quotient. A total of 20 studies were included in a qualitative review of sex/gender differences in additional autism spectrum condition symptoms. For core traits and intelligence quotient, sex/gender differences were comparable in autism spectrum conditions and typical samples. Some additional autism spectrum condition symptoms displayed different patterns of sex/gender differences in autism spectrum conditions and typically developing groups, including measures of executive function, empathising and systemising traits, internalising and externalising problems and play behaviours. Individuals with autism spectrum conditions display typical sex/gender differences in core autism spectrum condition traits, suggesting that diagnostic criteria based on these symptoms should take into account typical sex/gender differences. However, awareness of associated autism spectrum condition symptoms should include the possibility of different male and female phenotypes, to ensure those who do not fit the "typical" autism spectrum condition presentation are not missed. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01