Differentiating Attention Deficits in Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder or Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder

Autor/inn/en	Kooistra, Libbe; Crawford, Susan; Gibbard, Ben; Ramage, Barbara; Kaplan, Bonnie J
Titel	Differentiating Attention Deficits in Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder or Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder
Quelle	In: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 52 (2010) 2, S.205-211 (8 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0012-1622
DOI	10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03352.x
Schlagwörter	Fetal Alcohol Syndrome; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Attention Deficit Disorders; Children; Task Analysis; Inhibition; Performance; Responses; Evaluation Methods + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders; Alkoholembryopathie; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ADHS; Aufmerksamkeits-Defizit-Hyperaktivitäts-Störung; Aufmerksamkeitsstörung; Child; Kind; Kinder; Aufgabenanalyse; Hemmung; Achievement; Leistung
Abstract	Aim: The attention and inhibition problems found in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are also common in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs). Attempts to distinguish ADHD from FASDs in terms of these deficits are rare and were pursued in this study. Method: A total of 116 children (47 with ADHD, 31 males, 16 females; 30 with FASDs, 17 males, 13 females; and 39 comparison children, 20 males, 19 females) participated. The mean age was 9 years 4 months (SD 1y 8mo) in the ADHD groups, 8 years 10 months (SD 1y 2mo) in the FASD group, and 9 years 1 month (SD 1y 1mo) in the comparison group. Sustained attention was tested with a slow event rate continuous performance task (CPT). Inhibitory control was tested with both a slow and fast event rate Go/No-Go task. Results: On the CPT task, children with ADHD, combined type (ADHD-C), ADHD, primarily inattentive type (ADHD-PI), and FASDs showed greater declines in task performance as a function of time than comparison children, suggesting sustained attention problems in all clinical groups. Children's Go/No-Go performance was event-rate dependent, with the ADHD-C group being affected in the slow condition and the ADHD-PI and FASD groups having problems with the fast condition. Interpretation: Children with ADHD-C are typically impaired in handling understimulation, while children with FASDs may have problems with overstimulation. The dissociation in responsivity to event rate between groups may have significant differential diagnostic value. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10