Training Experts: Individuation without Naming Is Worth It

Autor/inn/en	Bukach, Cindy M.; Vickery, Timothy J.; Kinka, Daniel; Gauthier, Isabel
Titel	Training Experts: Individuation without Naming Is Worth It
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 38 (2012) 1, S.14-17 (4 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0096-1523
DOI	10.1037/a0025610
Schlagwörter	Expertise; Evidence; Models; Classification; Task Analysis; Training; Information Technology; Games; Identification; Learning; Learning Processes; Statistical Analysis; Comparative Analysis; Higher Education; Experimental Psychology + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Expert appraisal; Evidenz; Analogiemodell; Classification system; Klassifikation; Klassifikationssystem; Aufgabenanalyse; Ausbildung; Informationstechnologie; Game; Spiel; Spiele; Identifikation; Identifizierung; Lernen; Learning process; Lernprozess; Statistische Analyse; Hochschulbildung; Hochschulsystem; Hochschulwesen; Experimentelle Psychologie
Abstract	There is growing evidence that individuation experience is necessary for development of expert object discrimination that transfers to new exemplars. Individuation training in human studies has primarily used label association tasks where labels are learned at both the individual and more abstract (basic) level, and expertise criterion requires that individual-level judgments become as fast as basic-level judgments. However, there are training situations when the use of labels is not practical (e.g., with animals or some clinical populations). Moreover, labeling itself can facilitate object discrimination, thus it is unclear what role labels play in the acquisition of expertise in such training paradigms. Here, participants completed an online game that did not require labels in which they interacted with novel objects (Greebles) or control objects (Yufos). Games either required individuation or categorization. We then assessed the impact of this exposure on an abridged Greeble training paradigm. As expected, participants who played Yufo games or Greeble categorization games showed a significant basic-level advantage for Greebles in the abridged training paradigm, typical of novices. However, participants who played the Greeble identity game showed a reduced basic-level advantage, suggesting that individuation without labels may be sufficient to acquire perceptual expertise. (Contains 3 figures.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10