Age-Related Functional Reserve Decline Is Not Seen in Pharyngeal Swallowing Pressures

Autor/inn/en	Jones, Corinne A.; Colletti, Christina M.
Titel	Age-Related Functional Reserve Decline Is Not Seen in Pharyngeal Swallowing Pressures
Quelle	In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 64 (2021) 10, S.3734-3741 (8 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Jones, Corinne A.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1092-4388
Schlagwörter	Age Differences; Young Adults; Older Adults; Motor Reactions; Human Body; Biomechanics + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Young adult; Junger Erwachsener; Älterer Erwachsener; Menschlicher Körper; Biomechanik
Abstract	Purpose: Functional reserve represents the difference between an individual's ability to produce a maximum output function and the ability to perform a functional task. Several studies have documented an age-related decrease in functional reserve with oral tongue pressure generation. Whether this pattern is seen in pharyngeal swallowing pressures is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate pharyngeal functional reserve using high-resolution manometry during normal-effort and effortful swallows. Method: Pharyngeal high-resolution manometry was performed on 38 younger healthy individuals (= 40 years) and 18 older healthy individuals (= 60 years) during normal-effort and effortful water swallows. Pressure metrics included maximum pressure in the velopharynx, tongue base, and hypopharynx, as well as pharyngeal contractile integral and minimum pressure in the upper esophageal sphincter (UES). Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to determine the effects of swallow task, age, and pharyngeal region on pressure generation. Results: Maximum pharyngeal pressures and pharyngeal contractile integral were significantly increased during the effortful swallows compared to normal-effort swallows (p < 0.001), but there were no interactions between task and age in pharyngeal pressures. In the UES, minimum pressures were significantly elevated in older individuals during effortful swallows compared to normal-effort swallows (p = 0.007) but did not follow a pattern consistent with reduced functional reserve. Conclusions: Healthy individuals increase pharyngeal driving pressures during effortful swallows, without an age-related reduction in the magnitude of pressure increase. Thus, this study did not find evidence for an age-related reduction in pharyngeal functional reserve. The preserved ability to increase pharyngeal pressures during effortful swallowing in aging may support the use of behavioral swallowing interventions in older individuals without neuromuscular conditions. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. 2200 Research Blvd #250, Rockville, MD 20850. Tel: 301-296-5700; Fax: 301-296-8580; e-mail: slhr@asha.org; Web site: http://jslhr.pubs.asha.org
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2022/1/01